Evidence Based Practice Project: PICOT

Evidence Based Practice Project: PICOT Paper

Evidence Based Practice Project: PICOT paper

Refer to the PICOT you developed for your evidence-based practice project proposal. If your PICOT required revision, include those revisions in this assignment. You will use your PICOT paper for all subsequent assignments you develop as part of your evidence-based practice project proposal in this course and in NUR-590, during which you will synthesize all of the sections into a final written paper detailing your evidence-based practice project proposal.

Write a 750-1,000-word paper that describes your PICOT.

1. Describe the population’s demographics and health concerns.
2. Describe the proposed evidence-based intervention and explain how your proposed intervention incorporates health policies and goals that support health care equity for the population of focus.
3. Compare your intervention to previous practice or research.
4. Explain what the expected outcome is for the intervention.
5. Describe the time for implementing the intervention and evaluating the outcome.
6. Explain how nursing science, social determinants of health, and epidemiologic, genomic, and genetic data are applied or synthesized to support population health management for the selected population.
7. Create an Appendix for your paper and attach the PICOT. Be sure to review feedback from your previous submission and revise your PICOT accordingly.

You are required to cite at least four to six peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

**PICOT question–

Benchmark – Evidence-Based Practice Project: PICOT Paper SAMPLE

Engaging in evidence-based practice (EBP) projects is among the most practical interventions for addressing health problems. Nurses use nursing interventions founded on research to enhance health outcomes. This paper describes the population, intervention, and expected outcome. It also explains the implementation time and the application of nursing science, social determinants of health, and epidemiological, genomic, and genetic data in supporting the health management of children with obesity.

Population’s Demographics and Health Concerns

The focus population for the EBP project is children usually categorized as preschool-aged children (2-5 years) and school-aged children (6-11 years). Preschool-aged children are usually highly dependent on parents’ choices, including nutritional health, hobbies, and general lifestyle. As they move from pre-school to school age, children become somewhat dependent on some choices. They start choosing hobbies and establish relationships that influence their daily habits.

Childhood obesity is a serious health concern in the United States whose prevalence is increasing and putting children at risk of poor health. Skinner et al. (2018) found that childhood obesity’s prevalence is still high in the US since 1 in every 5 children has obesity. As the prevalence of obesity increases, children are more exposed to immediate and long term risks of obesity. Vulnerability to heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer is high in children with obesity (Lindberg et al., 2020). Overall, the quality of health declines and children are not productive as desired.

It is disappointing to see a proportional increase in risk factors as the public, government, and health care providers intensify their efforts to combat obesity. Continually exposing children to obesity, according to Tester et al. (2018), are alterations in lifestyle characterized by low physical activity. Consuming fast cuisine is another risk factor. Pearson et al. (2020) suggested that sedentary lifestyles characterized by excessive screen time must be addressed in order to reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity. Children’s decreased physical activity can be attributed to video gaming, extended television viewing, and mobile phone social interaction. As parents, educators, and health care providers collaborate to promote physical activity in homes, schools, and communities, regulation is necessary.

Evidence-Based Intervention

The identified intervention, as proposed in the PICOT (Appendix 1), is educating parents and children on reducing screen time and increasing physical activity. Increased screen time increases the prevalence of obesity because it is associated with excessive energy consumption and insufficient physical activity (Schwarzfischer et al., 2020). It is anticipated that educating parents and children will result in a change in behavior, with parents regulating their children’s screen time and children avoiding excessive screen time because they comprehend the consequences. The intervention integrates health policies and objectives that promote health equity for children, as it is centered on ensuring that children reach their maximum health potential. Achieving health equity requires protecting disadvantaged groups from health disparities and assisting them in attaining a reasonable standard of living. Preventing childhood obesity is a significant step towards attaining this crucial objective.

Intervention Comparison to Previous Research

Previous research confirms that parents are responsible for modeling appropriate behavior by regulating their children’s screen time, and it is necessary to be aware of this responsibility. Pearson et al. (2020) found that a lack of parent- and home-focused interventions to address unhealthy behaviors such as the consumption of energy-dense sustenance foods and excessive screen time contributes to an increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity. Also recommended are parental confidence and awareness of the correlation between screen time and hazardous behaviors. Goncalves et al. (2019) discovered that parental confidence and self-efficacy to reduce screen time are crucial for addressing childhood obesity. With research verifying the central role of parents in moderating screen time, it is crucial to encourage them to adopt this crucial role and serve as healthy behavior role models.

Expected Outcome

Educating parents and children about the negative effects of excessive screen time is anticipated to be the cornerstone of behavior modification. As a nursing intervention, the education initiative will increase awareness of the link between childhood obesity and screen time as a risk factor. Minimizing screen time will result in a proportional decrease in childhood obesity rates, which have become a public health concern as their trend has risen over the past decade (Skinner et al., 2018). By reducing the prevalence of childhood obesity among school-aged children, a healthful population is created.

Time for Implementing and Evaluation

Immediate action should be taken. Since the target population and intervention are known, parents and children should be educated immediately on screen time. This will aid in achieving the PICOT-proposed target objective within six months. The evaluation of outcomes will be iterative (monthly) and summative (after six months). Progressive evaluation will assist in identifying areas in need of improvement, while summative evaluation will be used to determine whether or not the intended objectives were met.

Applying Nursing Science, SDOH, and Data

Children’s population health management employs evidence, instruments, and data from various sources. Nursing science contributes to the development of management theories and practical concepts. It provides scientific methods for providing superior health services. The social determinants of health (SDOH) have a significant impact on living conditions. In this case, health care providers investigate how the environments in which children are born and raised, their beliefs, and their socioeconomic status affect obesity and other diseases, as well as the appropriate interventions. Epidemiological data serve as the foundation for determining disease prevalence and possible causes. The relationships between genomic and genetic data are intimate. Genomic data investigates the functional information in DNA, while genetic data investigates the acquired characteristics of offspring and their impact on health.

In conclusion, children are entitled to good health and should be safeguarded against vulnerabilities such as obesity. In response, nurses should utilize their expertise and influence to promote public health quality. They should play a central role in identifying problems that impede productivity and inventing long-lasting solutions. Educating parents and children about reducing screen time is an evidence-based, long-term solution for addressing childhood obesity.

References

Goncalves, W. S. F., Byrne, R., Viana, M. T., & Trost, S. G. (2019). Parental influences on screen time and weight status among preschool children from Brazil: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(1), 1-8. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2Fs12966-019-0788-3

Lindberg, L., Danielsson, P., Persson, M., Marcus, C., & Hagman, E. (2020). Association of childhood obesity with risk of early all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A Swedish prospective cohort study. PLoS Medicine, 17(3), e1003078. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003078

Pearson, N., Biddle, S. J., Griffiths, P., Sherar, L. B., McGeorge, S., & Haycraft, E. (2020). Reducing screen-time and unhealthy snacking in 9–11 year old children: the Kids FIRST pilot randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1-14. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8232-9

Schwarzfischer, P., Gruszfeld, D., Socha, P., Luque, V., Closa-Monasterolo, R., Rousseaux, D., … & Grote, V. (2020). Effects of screen time and playing outside on anthropometric measures in preschool aged children. PloS One, 15(3), e0229708. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229708

Tester, J. M., Phan, T. L. T., Tucker, J. M., Leung, C. W., Gillette, M. L. D., Sweeney, B. R., … & Eneli, I. U. (2018). Characteristics of children 2 to 5 years of age with severe obesity. Pediatrics, 141(3). doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-3228

Skinner, A. C., Ravanbakht, S. N., Skelton, J. A., Perrin, E. M., & Armstrong, S. C. (2018). Prevalence of obesity and severe obesity in US children, 1999–2016. Pediatrics, 141(3). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-3459

Topic 3 DQ 1

Discuss the ethical guidelines that would need to be implemented when conducting translational research. What are the ethical and legal considerations related to translating research into practice? Discuss what steps you would take as a member of a translational research team in order to establish ethical guidelines for conducting translational research.

Re: Topic 3 DQ 1

Translational Research (TR) looks to implement new practices and guidelines to biomedicine and clinical areas in preventions, treatment and knowledge. Research looks to improve outcomes for patients at the very end of the TR process, in order to obtain such positive outcomes, efficiency in the research process must be correctable (Lopez de la Vieja, 2016). Research can come with high costs during developmental and clinical trials as resources are used in order to observe and maintain safety. However, resources are finite which can considerably stunt the growth of TR. There is also the major consideration of resources being used in a fair and just manner as legal and ethical guidelines must be adhered to. Ethical decision making must contain aspects of justice, equality and quality in terms of respect, dignity, and responsibility during research (Lopez de la Vieja, 2016). Ensuring that resources are not wasted on unnecessary events or complete unfair practices during research should be prioritized just as much as safety measures as patient outcomes depend on the research relaying the most effective interventions for the best, safe outcomes (Lopez de la Vieja, 2016).

During TR, members must ensure that their individuals within clinical trials are consenting while upholding the integrity of knowledge of their participation. Members must also consider potentially harmful and questionable areas that can effectively place high risk in obtaining outcomes (Sofaer & Eyal, 2010). When establishing guidelines to ethical research, members are required to overlook these considerations at every step and interaction as to prevent legal divergence that can cause poor patient outcome which would jeopardize the integrity of the research. Policies and procedures as well as ethics committee consultation can assist in fool-proofing research from breaking ethical guidelines and beneficence (Lopez de la Vieja, 2016).

References:

Sofaer N, & Eyal N. (2010). The Diverse Ethics of Translational Research. American Journal of Bioethics, 10(8), 19–30. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1080/15265161.2010.494214

López de la Vieja, M. T. (2016). Ethics and governance in translational research. Ethics, Medicine and Public Health, 2(2), 256–262. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.jemep.2016.04.002

Topic 3 DQ 2

Discuss the role of the Institutional Review Board. Discuss ethical research considerations specific to population health. How are respect for the persons, potential benefits and burdens of the research, and justice kept in balance? Provide an example.

Re: Topic 3 DQ 2

The institutional review board is a board utilized prior to initiation of a study to ensure the research being proposed is held to high ethical standards. The FDA regulated IRB boards to formally review and monitor biomedical research involving human beings(FDA, 2019). An IRB holds a role in advance and in periodic review of clinical trials, and research, it also reviews protocols that involve human subjects to protect the human rights during a trials or study. Population health is the looking at the broad distribution of health within population(Nash et al., 2021), to ethically study a population one would have to ensure the study followed the ethics of a whole population, as well as maintaining an equitable benefit to the population in hand. Maintain justice and benefits of a translational study of population would have to maintain the benefit of the study was fair and equitable to all of the population regardless of race or color(Riva & Petrini, 2019). In the translation research of my EBP project looking at quantitative blood loss in postpartum women to identify and treat postpartum hemorrhage early, studies show women of different ethnicity background have a higher risk for PPH. To maintain high ethics the IRB would have to ensure the research around QBL must include and be beneficial for all women no matter race or socioeconomic status. In my research Women of different ethnicities do have barriers to care related to prenatal care predisposing them to higher risk pregnancies but utilizing QBL in every delivery is offered and given to each woman.

References

FDA. (2019, September 11). Institutional Review Boards and protection of Human Subjects in Clinical Trials. FDA U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Retrieved July 1, 2021, from https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/center-drug-evaluation-and-research-cder/institutional-review-boards-irbs-and-protection-human-subjects-clinical-trials

Nash, D. B., MD, MBA, Skoufalos, A., EdD, MS, Fabius, R. J., MD, FACPE, & Oglesby, W. H., Phd, MBA, MSPH, FACHE. (2021). Population Health Creating a Culture of Wellness (3rd ed.) [e-book]. Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Riva, L., & Petrini, C. (2019). A few ethical issues in translational research for gene and cell therapy. Journal of Translational Medicine, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-019-02154-5

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