NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

Racial or ethnic minorities continue to suffer from diabetes-related mortality and morbidity which is relatively twice as higher as compared to the non-Hispanic whites. Among those, 12.6% of African American adults have been diagnosed with diabetes as compared to that of all the non-Hispanic whites at 7.1% (Berkowitz et al., 2015). consequently, minorities have a higher tendency of being hospitalized as a result of diabetes-related complications including diabetes retinopathy, lower extremity amputations, and end-stage renal disease. However, in order to address the challenges that contribute to several health disparities among ethnic or racial minorities effectively, several interventions will need to be formulated with the utilization of multifactorial approaches including health care policies NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis. According to most research findings, culturally tailored interventions which involve the collaboration of the public, community and healthcare system to reduce health disparities, improve disease management and improve health outcome are well suited to solve the problem of disease burden among populations that are underserved such as…

Select a current or proposed health care policy that is designed to improve a specific population’s access to quality, cost-effective health care. In a paper of 1,000-1,250 words, include the following:

Explain the policy and how it is designed to improve cost-effectiveness and health care equity for the population. Is the policy financially sound? Why or why not? How does the policy account for any relevant ethical, legal, and political factors and the nursing perceptive one must consider when implementing it?
To what state, federal, global health policies or goals is this particular policy related? How well do you think the policy is designed to achieve those goals? NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis.
Finally, discuss the advocacy strategies you would employ on behalf of your population to ensure they have access to the benefits of the policy. Explain, from a Christian perspective, the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurse to advocate for and promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations.
You are required to cite five to 10 sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis Sample Solution

Racial or ethnic minorities continue to suffer from diabetes-related mortality and morbidity which is relatively twice as higher as compared to the non-Hispanic whites. Among those, 12.6% of African American adults have been diagnosed with diabetes as compared to that of all the non-Hispanic whites at 7.1% (Berkowitz et al., 2015). consequently, minorities have a higher tendency of being hospitalized as a result of diabetes-related complications including diabetes retinopathy, lower extremity amputations, and end-stage renal disease. However, in order to address the challenges that contribute to several health disparities among ethnic or racial minorities effectively, several interventions will need to be formulated with the utilization of multifactorial approaches including health care policies. According to most research findings, culturally tailored interventions which involve the collaboration of the public, community and healthcare system to reduce health disparities, improve disease management and improve health outcome are well suited to solve the problem of disease burden among populations that are underserved such as African Americans (King, Moreno, Coleman, & Williams, 2018). This is precisely true for diabetes as the decisions that impact diabetes self-management comprises the importance of regular physical exercise and a healthy diet, which are greatly influenced by infrastructure and support provided by the government or the community. This paper focuses on the affordable care act as a healthcare policy designed to improve the quality of healthcare at an affordable cost for the management of diabetes among the African American population. NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis.

            The Affordable Care Act was formulated to help improve access to healthcare services by expanding insurance coverage. In as much as some aspects of the affordable care act applied to people from all socioeconomic strata, key features of the law were focused in increasing healthcare coverage among people with low income who were the ethnic minorities such as the African Americans (Buchmueller, Levinson, Levy, & Wolfe, 2016). These key features of the law include federal subsidies which are aimed at expanding eligibility for Medicaid to every American citizen with an income of up to 138% of the federal poverty level, and for those with income of between 100 to 400% of poverty, who are able to purchase insurance on the recently created exchange, large premium subsidies have been set aside. In 2014, the number of uninsured African American citizens reduced significantly as a result of the affordable care act as compared to the whites (Schmittdiel et al., 2017) NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis. Generally, the affordable care act has greatly reformed the healthcare system by boosting primary care as providers are more focused on aligned attention to the sickest, “high need, high cost,” as these patients account for most of the national health spending, making the policy financially sound. The policy has also reduced the cost of healthcare while improving the quality as clinicians are paid for their outcome (quality) rather that their workload (quantity).

In June 2012, the supreme court upheld the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) policy which was aimed at providing guidance to the state, employers, insurers and consumers on what is expected of them when implementing the ACA, to avoid ethical, legal or political disparities (Griffith, Evans, & Bor, 2017). The PPACA comprises of reforms such as expanding Medicaid eligibility, preventing insurers from repudiating coverage for pre-existing health conditions, giving incentives for enterprises to provide health care benefits and subsidizing insurance premiums. When implementing the policy, the nursing perspective of not dropping a client in case they become ill by insurance companies is also included in the PPACA (Islam et al., 2015). As a nurse, it is important to ensure that the policy ensures ethical rights of the patient such as, improved quality of health, freedom of choice for the patient on “who”, “when”, and “where” they can access health care, and affordability of healthcare NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis.

With the emergence of the Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs), under the ACA, healthcare organizations have incentives to prioritize on population-centered health and collaborate with providers, clients and other healthcare personnel’s in the public health, social service sector, and community, to broaden the impact of the health system, control health costs, and promote quality in healthcare so as to reduce the burden of chronic diseases such as diabetes and improve healthcare outcome (Myerson, & Laiteerapong, 2016). Given that the burden of chronic diseases such as diabetes is increasing especially among ethnic or racial minorities, the policy is aimed at creating evidence-based interventions to address diabetes management in both community and healthcare settings to achieve the goal of ending disease burden among ethnic minorities such as African Americans.

To ensure that all communities members within this marginalized population enjoy maximum benefit from ACA, I will enhance patient education and public awareness through multiple integrated systems and community linkages. African Americans, with diabetes, need to be informed on the importance of health coverage in the management of diabetes. For instance, they need to be aware of the fact that treatment for diabetes contributes approximately 18% of the national GDP in the US on healthcare expenses NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis. Consequently, associated care costs the country approximately $237 billion annually in direct medical cost (Hayes, Riley, Radley, & McCarthy, 2017). And as a result of late detection of the complication among other psychosocial barriers, the African Americans are more likely to receive medical services during tertiary stages which is even more costly and prevents productivity. It is only through insurance coverage that they will be able to afford early detection and effective disease management. The insurance cover will give them the privilege of taking part in routine clinical services including HbA1c testing, comprehensive dilated eye exams and complete foot exams, which helps in reducing complications of diabetes and mortality rates (Ramírez, Estrada, & Ruiz, 2017). With the above information, individuals from this marginalized population will see the need of applying for an insurance cover and maximumly benefit from the affordable care act. Additionally, I will encourage the development of support groups for diabetic patients where they will enjoy educational support on healthy living such as balanced diet, and what kind of exercise to engage in. finally, I will ensure that as stated in the policy, healthcare resources are distributed equally so as to benefit even the homeless and those with low income NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis.

In conclusion, the healthcare system in the current world is based on the “medical model,” where most of the healthcare providers only focus on the diagnosis and treatment of physical and mental conditions. However, as Christians, an advanced registered nurse, must uphold human dignity and provide patient-centred care that is customized according to the needs, values, choices, and preferences of the patient (Balint, & George, 2015). While promoting health and preventing diseases among diverse populations, an advanced registered nurse should incorporate spiritual dimension in nursing practice which is not separate from the science of nursing. As such, spiritual care will ensure that the nurse does not only focus on the patient physical recovery but also, his or her quality of life, well-being, and general functioning. NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis.

References

Balint, K. A., & George, N. M. (January 01, 2015). Faith community nursing scope of practice: extending access to healthcare. Journal of Christian Nursing: a Quarterly Publication of Nurses Christian Fellowship, 32, 1, 34-40.

Berkowitz, S. A., Meigs, J. B., DeWalt, D., Seligman, H. K., Barnard, L. S., Bright, O.-J. M., Schow, M., … Wexler, D. J. (February 01, 2015). Material Need Insecurities, Control of Diabetes Mellitus, and Use of Health Care Resources: Results of the Measuring Economic Insecurity in Diabetes Study. Jama Internal Medicine, 175, 2, 257.

Buchmueller, T. C., Levinson, Z. M., Levy, H. G., & Wolfe, B. L. (January 01, 2016). Effect of the Affordable Care Act on Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Insurance Coverage. American Journal of Public Health, 106, 8, 1416-21.

Griffith, K., Evans, L., & Bor, J. (August 01, 2017). The Affordable Care Act Reduced Socioeconomic Disparities In Health Care Access. Health Affairs, 36, 8, 1503-1510. NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis.

Hayes, S. L., Riley, P., Radley, D. C., & McCarthy, D. (January 01, 2017). Reducing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Access to Care: Has the Affordable Care Act Made a Difference?. Issue Brief (Commonwealth Fund), 2017, 1-14.

Islam, N., Nadkarni, S. K., Zahn, D., Skillman, M., Kwon, S. C., & Trinh-Shevrin, C. (January 01, 2015). Integrating Community Health Workers Within Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Implementation. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice.

King, C. J., Moreno, J., Coleman, S. V., & Williams, J. F. (December 01, 2018). Diabetes mortality rates among African Americans: A descriptive analysis pre and post-Medicaid expansion. Preventive Medicine Reports, 12, 20-24.

Myerson, R., & Laiteerapong, N. (April 01, 2016). The Affordable Care Act and Diabetes Diagnosis and Care: Exploring the Potential Impacts. Current Diabetes Reports, 16, 4, 1-8.

Ramírez, A. S., Estrada, E., & Ruiz, A. (August 01, 2017). Mapping the Health Information Landscape in a Rural, Culturally Diverse Region: Implications for Interventions to Reduce Information Inequality. The Journal of Primary Prevention, 38, 4, 345-362.

Schmittdiel, J. A., Gopalan, A., Chau, C. V., Adams, A. S., Lin, M. W., Banerjee, S., & Chau, C. V. (May 01, 2017). Population Health Management for Diabetes: Health Care System-Level Approaches for Improving Quality and Addressing Disparities. Current Diabetes Reports, 17, 5. NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis)

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

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Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, including a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words. Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source. One or two-sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words. I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.

• Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately. In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies. Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work). Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.

• APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with the APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required). Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation. I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.

• Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage over-utilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Master’s level and deduct points accordingly. As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content. It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.

• LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to Lopes Write, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me. Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes. Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own? Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.

• Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is a 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies. Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances. If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect. I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension. As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

• Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me: Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class. Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.

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