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NURS FPX 6410 Assessment 2 Executive Summary to Administration

Executive Summary

Quality and safety outcomes are the essential elements of the healthcare organization to provide evidence-based care and recognize the gaps in the outcomes so changes and improvements can be made to address the gaps. The systemic problem that would be focused on is medication errors in the healthcare organization of Vila Health facility. Some indicators can be helped to evaluate the outcomes measures like compliance rate with the evidence-based practice guideline, mortality rates, patient satisfaction, and patient safety indicators.

Explaining Key Quality & Safety Outcomes

Healthcare organizations use quality outcomes as measures to evaluate the performance of the nurses or the interventions towards healthcare issues. The outcome measures that are mainly evaluated for medication error are patient satisfaction, patient-reported outcomes, mortality, and readmission rates. There can be finance and process outcomes related to this, like the adherence to the guidelines and cost per patient or the duration of the patient’s stay. Both the quality and safety outcomes are essential to understand the severity of the issue. For example, in the case of medication errors, there is a decrease in the quality outcomes of patient satisfaction and trust the patients have in healthcare (Tariq et al., 2022). Regarding safety, 7,000 to 9,000 people die yearly due to medication errors in the US, and the cost of treating patients with medication errors exceeds $40 billion each year (Tariq et al., 2022). These significant consequences need interventions and outcome measures to address the situation effectively.

The strength of these outcome measures is that they help establish a benchmark for the organization to do better; there is recognition of the areas of weaknesses so they can be targeted with interventions and strategies; this also leads to increased accountability and or provides standardized and objective measures for the performance of the healthcare organization.

The weakness of these outcome measures can be the time-consuming process of collecting data and evaluating it. It may not reflect the exact perspectives of the healthcare providers and the patients. Outcome measures may also need to capture the external factors that impact the outcomes. For example, the mortality rates in healthcare could also vary with age, gender, and socioeconomic status rather than just medication errors. There is also a potential for manipulation; for example, to reduce the cases of medication errors, instead of interventions that educate the nurses, the organization may resort to strict punishments for healthcare providers, which may result in limited reporting of the cases by them leading to less number of cases overall.

Determining the Strategic Value

The safety and quality outcome measures have strategic values that must be determined. They are essential as they help achieve an organization’s goals and make improvement plans. Strategic value can be provided to the organization by improving patient outcomes with increased satisfaction after the quality and safety outcomes enable the healthcare stakeholders to identify the areas where there can be an improvement to reduce medication errors. The organization can better understand where the staff is lacking and where there is underperformance. For example, standardized medication administration processes can improve the outcome measure of high readmission rates due to medication errors (Uitvlugt et al., 2021). The safety and quality outcome measures can also bring the organization’s value to the stakeholders, like the patients, clinicians, or nurses. For example, the outcome measure of high patient satisfaction may attract more patients to receive their treatment. This can increase revenue, making everything more cost-effective. The outcome measures also support decision-making related to different changes or interventions. For example, the Bar-code medication administration system (BCMA) intervention can be prioritized after evaluating the quality and safety outcomes of high mortality rates. This could be because BCMA has proven to be effective in reducing medication errors by providing intelligent tools that check prescriptions’ safety automatically to develop a culture of safety that is also timely (Naidu & Alicia, 2019).

The existing outcome measures can add value to the organization by combining all the measures, like patient satisfaction, adverse events, readmission rates, and mortality rates, to gain an even deeper understanding of the organizational performance. Trends can be studied through graphs and charts to see if the organization’s mission and goals are being met.

Analyzing Relationships Between Medication Errors & Quality and Safety Outcomes

Since medication errors are rising and a severe concern for Vila’s health as they lead to adverse events and even fatalities, it is essential to analyze the relationships between medication errors and specific quality and safety outcomes. The specific safety and quality outcomes studied are adverse events, patient satisfaction, length of stay, mortality rate, and hospital readmissions. Medication errors are usually due to inadequate training of staff, lack of communication, high workload, and poor work environment. Such factors increase the risk of medication errors, leading to patient complications and adverse events (Neugebauer et al., 2021). Adverse events harm patients and lead to healthcare costs. Medication errors also contribute to the quality outcomes of stay as medication errors and adverse events leading to complications increase the length of stay for more treatment, increasing the costs and decreasing patient outcomes (Rasool et al., 2020). Due to all of this, medication errors reduce patient satisfaction, impacting healthcare’s reputation and patient trust. Medication errors can also lead to hospital readmission, negatively impacting patient outcomes.

NURS FPX 6212 Assessment 2 Executive Summary

The additional data that could be collected to gain an even better understanding of the medication errors is understanding the underlying factors contributing to it with root-cause analysis, data can be collected on the different types of medication errors and their severity, and data can also be collected on the training and education level of the healthcare providers to determine the relationship.

Strategic Initiatives

The strategic initiatives that can be taken for a culture of safety and quality related to the outcome measure of patient satisfaction can be the development of educational programs for patients that increase their awareness and confidence in medications (Cha et al., 2021). Patients can be given surveys or questionnaires to rate their medical experience and satisfaction. The initiative for the outcome measure for the length of stay can be providing training and workshops to the healthcare providers so they are confident in preventing medication errors. There can be the implementation of technology like BCMA for checking prescriptions to avoid errors and adverse events that may prevent prolonged stays at the hospital for the patient (Naidu & Alicia, 2019). A medication safety committee can also be formed to analyze the trends of medication errors and root causes for the outcome measure of adverse events.

The Vila Health strategic plan is to provide patient-centered care by reducing harm while minimizing human errors at the facility. In light of the current situation with increasing medication errors, the organization must adapt to technologies like BCMA, address workforce challenges, address lack of competency and training, and improve healthcare disparities.

Leadership Team Supporting Adoption of Proposed Practice

A leadership team is crucial to implementing safety and quality outcomes changes. The leadership team helps gather and provide the necessary resources for the implementation of the proposed changes described before. The resources can include equipment, staffing, and finances to train healthcare providers to prevent medication errors. The leadership team will also enhance communication and collaboration by engaging all the stakeholders and effectively communicating the initiatives for the changes to the stakeholders. The interprofessional collaboration promoted by the leadership team would ensure that high-quality care is delivered to the patients and that professionals from different disciplines are engaged for shared-decision making and quality improvements. The leadership team would gather all the relevant data related to the quality and safety outcomes to monitor the progress of the implementations to evaluate the success. Barriers and gaps can be identified to make adjustments accordingly. The leadership team is essential to manage change so there is a smooth transition for the members of the organization when the change is being implemented (Oreg & Berson, 2019).

Conclusion

Safety and quality outcomes are crucial to the healthcare issue of medication errors. Implementing technologies like BCMA, educating staff, and educating patients can help improve patient healthcare outcomes and patient satisfaction and reduce the cases of adverse events. The role of leadership also plays a vital role in adapting to the changes.

References

Cha, S. S., Kim, M., Moon, H. S., & Lee, E. (2021). Development and effectiveness of a patient safety education program for inpatients. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 3262. /orders/doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063262

Naidu, M., & Alicia, Y. L. Y. (2019). Impact of bar-code medication administration and electronic medication administration record system in clinical practice for an effective medication administration process. Health, 11(05), 511–526. /orders/doi.org/10.4236/health.2019.115044

Neugebauer, J., Tóthová, V., Chloubová, I., Hajduchová, H., Brabcová, I., & Prokešová, R. (2021). Causes and interventions of medication errors in healthcare facilities. Příčiny a intervence medikačního pochybení ve zdravotnických zařízeních. Ceska a Slovenska farmacie : casopis Ceske farmaceuticke spolecnosti a Slovenske farmaceuticke spolecnosti, 70(2), 43–50.

Oreg, S., & Berson, Y. (2019). Leaders’ impact on organizational change: Bridging theoretical and methodological chasms. Academy of Management Annals, 13(1), 272–307. /orders/doi.org/10.5465/annals.2016.0138

Rasool, M. H., Rehman, A. U., Imran, I., Abbas, S., Shah, S., Abbas, G., Khan, I., Shakeel, S., Hassali, M. A., & Hayat, K. (2020). Risk factors associated with medication errors among patients suffering from chronic disorders. Frontiers in Public Health, p. 8. /orders/doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.531038

Tariq, R., Vashisht, R., Sinha, A., & Scherbak, Y. (2022). Medication Dispensing Errors And Prevention. StatPearls. /orders/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519065/

Uitvlugt, E. B., Janssen, M. J. A., Siegert, C. E., Kneepkens, E., Van Den Bemt, B. J. F., Van Den Bemt, P. M. L. A., & Karapinar-Çarkit, F. (2021). Medication-related hospital readmissions within 30 days of discharge: Prevalence, preventability, type of medication errors and risk factors. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12. /orders/doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.567424

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Discussion Questions (DQ)

Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, including a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words. Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source. One or two-sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words. I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.

Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately. In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies. Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work). Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.

APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with the APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required). Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation. I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.

Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage over-utilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Master’s level and deduct points accordingly. As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content. It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.

LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to Lopes Write, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me. Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes. Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own? Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score. NURS FPX 6410 Assessment 2 Executive Summary to Administration

Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is a 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies. Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances. If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect. I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension. As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me: Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class. Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.

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NURS FPX 6410 Assessment 3 Exploration of Regulations and Implication for Practice

Exploration of Regulations and Implications for Practice

Investigation of Regulations and Their Implications for Practice Informatics enables the integration of information and communication technologies into the practice of nurses to manage relevant information for the improvement of healthcare and to improve outcomes (Strudwick et al., 2019). The Electronic Health Record System (EHR) is a prime example of the advanced technology in informatics. EHR ensures that data is managed effectively and that adverse events are minimized by reducing documentation and the burden on nurses. Emotional exhaustion can be reduced through improved communication and a more straightforward clinical procedure (Alzu’bi et al., 2021). This study aims to identify the safety measures that can be used with EHR and analyze the potential risk.

Safety Issue Involved

Safety Concerns Medication errors join a growing list of health-related issues that make professionals’ jobs more difficult as healthcare advances and changes. Drug errors result in the deaths of approximately 10,000 Americans annually (Manias et al., 2019). Mistakes with medications are frequently ignored. Prescription mix-ups are concerning in light of the fact that they can hurt patients by utilizing some unacceptable medication, regulating it at some unacceptable time, or distinguishing some unacceptable patient. They may experience adverse reactions and allergic reactions if the medication does not match their diagnoses. The danger posed by medication errors can be greatly reduced with the right precautions. Adverse drug events can be brought on by a variety of factors, including individual errors, inadequate communication, misunderstood printing, and confusion regarding medicine names (Giuliano, 2018).

Informatics Model & Safe Practice

Safe Practice and an Informatics Model An informatics model can be used to ensure that the procedures are secure and error-free. One of these is the Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform model (TIGER). The HIMSS has launched this program to provide the workforce with all the resources or tools they require by integrating eHealth into education (Chen et al., 2022). A multidisciplinary and collaborative approach is required to transform health. This model for nursing staff training encourages the use of safe techniques that reduce adverse drug reactions. Drug slip-ups could cause patients critical affliction and harm, and broadened hospitalizations on account of these mix-ups can bring down certain patient results and raise medical services uses. Safe practice ought to be the primary goal of healthcare as a result.

EHR is a safe method of healthcare technology that would deliver better outcomes. EHR upgrades information assortment by eliminating the act of jotting remedies, which might build weight and vagueness and limit blunder. The processing of data is improved by EHR, making it more legitimate, dependable, and durable. It could have clinical notifications that let nurses know about any errors so they can fix them. Access to patient data has improved, making it easier to make decisions and find practice gaps. Utilizing technologies like HER (Fragidis et al.,), nurse informatics professionals ensure that the data are utilized to its full potential. 2018).

Intended Goals

Intended Objectives The primary goal of the most recent technological advancements in the EHR is to cut down on prescription errors and the deaths they cause. It ought to make it possible for nurses to perform the most beneficial procedures, thereby improving the outcomes for patients and increasing patient confidence and satisfaction with the healthcare system. Better access to patient data and documentation is required for nurses to reduce drug-related adverse events and prevent fatigue (Joukes et al., 2019). This innovation would help nurses avoid incorrect diagnoses and adverse drug events by better reviewing the data to determine the appropriate medication based on medical health.

Outcomes

Results Many healthcare organizations are currently implementing EHRs to improve care quality. EHR research shows that alerts for doctors improve patient safety and clinical outcomes. EHR streamlines the work of nurses by allowing them to check the detailed diagnosis before they visit the patient. Attendants may now rapidly check for incidental effects to be cautious prior to giving medications (Robinson et al., 2018). With the utilization of the EHR, the specialist’s arrangement is appropriately valued, and reviews can recognize drug mistakes rapidly and actually to assist with forestalling them. According to Alzu’bi et al., the drawbacks of EHR, such as increased effort, exhaustion, and problematic processes, have been observed to become increasingly consistent. On the other hand, the benefits of EHR were observed to materialize quickly. 2021). There was an improvement in productivity, communication, healthcare quality, and availability. The incorporated changes have resulted in happier nurses and patients.

Applying the Standards of Practice

Implementing the Standards of Practice Through the establishment of standards of practice, it would be possible to ensure that safety procedures are simple and effective. A kind of checklist, practice guidelines provide medical professionals with a template or pattern to follow in order to ensure the safety of the procedure being carried out. The American Nurses Association (ANA) has established nursing practice standards (Linton et al.,) in an effort to promote a safe and moral workplace and to raise awareness of pressing issues that require immediate attention. 2020).

The ANA provides a set of guidelines that include an assessment phase in which nurses must efficiently collect data, a prognosis phase in which nurses should analyze the retrieved data, effective characterization should be achieved by recognizing patterns, scheduling must be implemented to improve that consequence, that plan must be implemented, and finally the plan must be monitored and evaluated to track its development (Linton et al., 2020). The Code of Ethics, which is based on the four fundamental values of autonomy, fairness, beneficence, and respect for human dignity, also provides the Nurse Practice Standards (Layman, 2020). Medical attendants ought to grasp these standards.

Autonomy recognizes the significance of patient populations in decision-making.
Value advances the wellbeing and prosperity of patients and representatives.
Non-maleficence requires the prevention of harm, and any treatment plan that may do so should be reported. Justice puts equality into practice.

Impacts of Regulatory Constraints

Consequences of Regulatory Restrictions A nurse practitioner is one who effectively adheres to the guidelines established at any level—global, institution, or state—because it is essential to consider regulatory concerns when providing treatment. According to management controls, one must enthusiastically accept and adapt to EHR in order to successfully adopt it. In addition, the importance of training in assisting employees transition to EHR cannot be overstated (Chou et al., 2018). The development of a secure and robust network, the reduction of paper usage, the improvement of joint commission compliance, and the appropriate competence for the implementation of EHR are all necessary.

Another administrative factor is the HIPAA-mandated standard of practice for protecting the privacy of EHR data. The password-protected stored data should only be accessible by authorized users. Since this data is fragile, security and privacy are vital to forestall deceptive patient abuse (Rosenbloom et al., 2019). Both governmental and non-governmental organizations are pushing the fields of health informatics in order to improve patient safety by directing nurses.

Structure of Ethical & Legal Practices

Structure of Ethical and Legal Practices Frameworks of ethical and legal practices must be taken into account when employing the science of informatics, which in this case is EHR. Secrecy is one of the really moral issues with the utilization of EHRs due to the potential risks presented by insufficient assurance of extremely delicate confidential data. Utilizing EHR can be time-consuming for nurses due to a lack of knowledge or training. There may be ethical concerns if a third party becomes particularly interested in the data stored in this device. Correct application of policies and protective structures is essential.

Ethical considerations include determining who has access to the records and whether there is a justification for their storage (Layman, 2020). EHR reception is another issue that requires cautious thought since it requires a lot of financing, cooperation, and instruction to be carried out effectively. The reliability or quality of the information stored in the EHR may be compromised.

The legal implications of using an EHR should also be taken into consideration, such as the availability of accounting adjustments to ensure that the data being entered, such as ethnicity or sex, is not removed or altered. Legal issues that may be connected to EHR include privacy violations, data errors, and the removal of potentially crucial information (Layman, 2020). To save respectability, sections should be finished on time, without blunders, and should know about any cautions or ideas presented by the EHR. Nursing informatics must adhere to the ethics code and be aware of the legal and ethical requirements in order to safeguard the patient’s data.

Stakeholders

Stakeholders Stakeholders are essential participants who need to be involved in every phase of the project in order to guarantee that the software is installed and used in accordance with industry standards. Through presentations and discussions, effective communication with stakeholders is necessary to enable efficient data transfer. To fix any issue and safeguard the patient’s protection, they should stay educated and involved. Stakeholders for this project include clinicians, IT examiners, clinicians, medical executives, and accounting staff. Based on the identified gaps in healthcare, particularly those related to medication errors, the utilization of nurse informatics would permit creativity and the creation of new projects (Pollock et al., 2018).

As stakeholders in the design and implementation, nurses and doctors’ participation would be crucial due to their proximity to patients. The billing team will ensure that the system is effectively integrated with the organizations’ payment processing plans, while the board members will make the most important decisions regarding the EHR’s finances and operating system. IT auditors will also check to see that all standards are being followed and that patient security is strong. The stakeholders, such as nurses and doctors, need to be educated about the EHR in order to guarantee that it is utilized safely and effectively.

Conclusion

The Electronic Health Record System (EHR) is a prime example of the advanced technology in informatics. Mistakes with medication can cause harm to patients if the wrong drug is used, administered at the wrong time, or the wrong patient is identified. Utilizing nurse informatics would make it possible to be innovative and develop new projects based on the identified gaps in healthcare, particularly those related to medication errors. To get the patient’s information, nursing informatics should be aware of the legitimate and moral prerequisites and stick to the morals code.

References

Alzu’bi, A. A., Watzlaf, V. J. M., & Sheridan, P. (2021). Electronic health record (EHR) abstraction. Perspectives in Health Information Management, 18(1), 1.

/orders/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34035788/

Chen, Y., Cai, Z., Lin, B., Yan, L., Zheng, W., Kuo, M. C., Hübner, U., & Chang, P. (2022). Developing a professional-practice-model-based nursing organizational informatics competency model. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 166, 104840.

/orders/doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2022.104840

Chou, R., Baker, W. L., Bañez, L. L., Iyer, S., Myers, E. R., Newberry, S., Pincock, L., Robinson, K. A., Sardenga, L., Sathe, N., Springs, S., & Wilt, T. J. (2018). Agency for healthcare research and quality evidence-based practice center methods provide guidance on prioritization and selection of harms in systematic reviews. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 98, 98–104.

/orders/doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.01.007

Fragidis, L. L., & Chatzoglou, P. D. (2018). Implementation of a nationwide electronic health record (EHR). International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 31(2), 116–130.

/orders/doi.org/10.1108/IJHCQA-09-2016-0136

Giuliano K. K. (2018). Intravenous smart pumps: Usability issues, intravenous medication administration error, and patient safety. Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America, 30(2), 215–224.

/orders/doi.org/10.1016/j.cnc.2018.02.004

Joukes, E., de Keizer, N. F., de Bruijne, M. C., Abu-Hanna, A., & Cornet, R. (2019). Impact of electronic versus paper-based recording before EHR implementation on health care professionals’ perceptions of EHR use, data quality, and data reuse. Applied Clinical Informatics, 10(2), 199–209.

/orders/doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1681054

Layman E. J. (2020). Ethical issues and the electronic health record. The Health Care Manager, 39(4), 150–161.

/orders/doi.org/10.1097/HCM.0000000000000302

Linton, M., & Koonmen, J. (2020). Self-care as an ethical obligation for nurses. Nursing Ethics.

/orders/doi.org/10.1177/0969733020940371

Manias, E., Cranswick, N., Newall, F., Rosenfeld, E., Weiner, C., Williams, A., Wong, I. C., Borrott, N., Lai, J., & Kinney, S. (2019). Medication error trends and effects of person-related, environment-related and communication-related factors on medication errors in a pediatric hospital. Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health, 55(3), 320–326.

/orders/doi.org/10.1111/jpc.14193

Pollock, A., Campbell, P., Struthers, C., Synnot, A., Nunn, J., Hill, S., Goodare, H., Morris, J., Watts, C., & Morley, R. (2018). Stakeholder involvement in systematic reviews: A scoping review. Systematic Reviews, 7(1), 208.

/orders/doi.org/10.1186/s13643-018-0852-0

Robinson, K. E., & Kersey, J. A. (2018). Novel electronic health record (EHR) education intervention in large healthcare organization improves quality, efficiency, time, and impact on burnout. Medicine, 97(38), e12319.

/orders/doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000012319

Rosenbloom, S. T., Smith, J. R. L., Bowen, R., Burns, J., Riplinger, L., & Payne, T. H. (2019). Updating HIPAA for the electronic medical record era. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association: JAMIA, 26(10), 1115–1119.

/orders/doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocz090

Strudwick, G., Nagle, L., Kassam, I., Pahwa, M., & Sequeira, L. (2019). Informatics competencies for nurse leaders: A scoping review. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(6), 323–330.

/orders/doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000760

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

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Discussion Questions (DQ)

Weekly Participation

APA Format and Writing Quality

Use of Direct Quotes

LopesWrite Policy

Late Policy

Communication

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NURS FPX 6410 Assessment 3 Exploration of Regulations and Implication for Practice

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NURS 6600 Week 9: Practicum Project -Dissemination of Scholarship

Based on your Practicum Project, you will develop an abstract for a poster session that could be accepted and presented at a Walden Graduation. Review and complete the Scholarship of Practice Poster Session application located in this week’s Learning Resources

Phi Nu, Walden University Chapter of Sigma Theta Tau the International Nursing Honor Society
Scholarship of Practice Poster Session
The Scholarship and Research committee invites you to submit a Scholarship of Practice Poster for the Phi Nu
Scholarship and Induction Ceremony to be held during a Walden University Commencement. This is the Honor
Society’s open-house celebration of Walden student scholarly activities.
Call for Posters
You will be notified of the deadlines for abstract submissions for the Annual Scholarship of Practice Poster
Session by Walden University School of Nursing.
To be eligible to submit, an applicant must be:
1. A current Walden student or Alumni who is an active Phi Nu Chapter member 2. Able to present her/his poster at a Walden University Commencement
3. Project must be completed by date of poster presentation
Applicants should submit abstracts based on their Scholarship of Practice.
Practicum projects are especially encouraged. This is a great opportunity to showcase your practicum work in a
mentored environment.
Please follow the direction on the attached form and submit by the due date (to be determined).
One outstanding poster in each of the three categories per program (BSN, MSN and DNP) will be selected for a
$100 award.
Blind reviews will be completed by a panel of Walden University faculty.
Names will be removed from the abstracts to ensure anonymity of the applicant.
Persons who have been selected to participate will be notified.
Abstracts must follow the required format to be considered.
Travel will be at the presenter’s expense.

ABSTRACT SUBMISSION FORM:- Nursing Scholarship of Practice Poster Session
Poster presentations submitted should describe innovative projects and lessons learned in the practice of
nursing.
1. Authors’ names, credentials, and affiliations (primary and co-authors):
2. Corresponding author’s e-mail address and phone number:
3. Nursing Program or practice Specialization that best fits your poster presentation:
____ A. Nursing Education
____ B. Nursing Leadership and Management
____ C. Nursing Informatics
____ D. BSN Student Project
_____ E. DNP Student Project
_____ F Other Nursing Specialty Project
4. Title of presentation:
5. Beginning date of project: __________
6. Ending date of project: __________ (if project is ongoing indicate that here)
Please describe your project by answering items 7–14 below.
Do not exceed 500 words total in your responses.

7. Setting of project:
8. Problem addressed:
9. Objectives of project:
10. Intervention or change implemented, if any:
11. Actions and methods used to solve the problem and meet the objectives:
12. Evaluation Strategies used to determine whether the objectives were met:
13. Outcomes:
14. Lessons learned (conclusions and recommendations for practice):

Completed Presentation

Nursing Leadership and Management

Presentation Title: Management Styles and the effects it has on nurse retention and Satisfaction

Date of Project : August 28, 2017-November

Capstone Synthesis Practicum

Summary of Practicum project

Practicum Project Goal-To show how different types of management styles can affect nurse retention and satisfaction in the organization.

Objectives:

1. To identify, define and describe the various leadership styles exhibited within the healthcare setting.

2. To identify and understand the issues that affect the nurses satisfaction with their place of employment and how these factors affect the turnover rates.

Practicum Project methodology

Observations

Surveys

Interviews team Huddles

Practicum Project Findings

After educating Upper managerial staff it was found that

-Initially turnover rate was every 3 months with at least 4 nurses giving notices to quit.

-There was a lack of moral based on nurses felt their opinions didn’t matter.

-Nurse to patient ratio was not within standards 4:1

-Afterwards improved sense of manger to staff nurse trust

-Improved communication and nurse participation

Abstract:

Introduction: Management styles are an essential issue from both a theoretical and managerial perspective. However, success in nursing management is found in being flexible and being adaptable. One of the best ways to ensure quality of care is to recruit and retain sufficient nursing staff.

Study is conducted at a local hospital in Mobile, Alabama (Southwest Alabama)

The problem: A frequent and high turnover rate of nurses employed greater than 3 months, in which the study will endeavor to understand how nurse management styles can have a major impact on the level of workplace satisfaction, as well as the turnover rates.

Interventions: As a nursing leadership and management student I searched for solutions from a advanced student standpoint.

Initial thoughts

1. Implement a screening tool that will allow nurses to communicate their thoughts and ideas on a more frequent basis.

2. Implement a monthly rounding schedule with managers and staff nurses to promote overall moral that will ultimately lead to nurse satisfaction, and will ensure ongoing quality of care.

Methods

A case study was conducted during this study of all 12 inpatient units (n=12) at a local hospital with a bed capacity more than 100 beds. Both day and night shift nurses with greater than 3 months experience were invited to participate in the study (n=40). A primary source of data which included surveys completed and returned from nurses that agreed to participate were collected, along with one on one interviews of nurses that participated.

Team Huddles

Interviews

Observations

Surveys

Results

The findings of this study show more than half of the participants perceive their manager to have an exploitative/authoritarian management style, where this means the manager has no trust in employees. All decisions are made from upper managerial staff. Others have a perception of Laizzes Faire, in which they feel they are not really cared for.

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Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children

When seeking to identify a patient’s health condition, advanced practice nurses can use a diverse selection of diagnostic tests and assessment tools; however, different factors affect the validity and reliability of the results produced by these tests or tools. Nurses must be aware of these factors in order to select the most appropriate test or tool and to accurately interpret the results.
Not only do these diagnostic tests affect adults, body measurements can provide a general picture of whether a child is receiving adequate nutrition or is at risk for health issues. These data, however, are just one aspect to be considered. Lifestyle, family history, and culture—among other factors—are also relevant. That said, gathering and communicating this information can be a delicate process.
For this Assignment, you will consider the validity and reliability of different assessment tools and diagnostic tests. You will explore issues such as sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. You will also consider examples of children with various weight issues. You will explore how you could effectively gather information and encourage parents and caregivers to be proactive about their children’s health and weight.
· Search the Walden Library and credible sources for resources explaining the tool or test you were assigned. What is its purpose, how is it conducted, and what information does it gather?
· Also, as you search the Walden library and credible sources, consider what the literature discusses regarding the validity, reliability, sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, ethical dilemmas, and controversies related to the test or tool.
Diagnostic Test: BMI
· The Assignment.
· Assignment (4 pages, not including title and reference pages):
Assignment Option 1: Adult Assessment Tools or Diagnostic Tests:
Include the following:
· A description of how the assessment tool or diagnostic test you were assigned is used in healthcare.
o What is its purpose?
o How is it conducted?
o What information does it gather?
Case Study
Overweight 5-year-old black boy with overweight parents who work full-time and the boy spends his time after school with his grandmother
Question
(Case) Overweight 5-year-old black boy with overweight parents who work full-time and the boy spends his time after school with his grandmother

· Explore issues such as sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. You will also consider examples of children with various weight issues.
· Explore how you could effectively gather information and encourage parents and caregivers to be proactive about their children’s health and weight.
· Based on the risks you identified, consider what further information you would need to gain a full understanding of the child’s health. Think about how you could gather this information in a sensitive fashion.
· Consider how you could encourage parents or caregivers to be proactive toward the child’s health.

· An explanation of the health issues and risks that are relevant to the child

· Describe additional information you would need in order to further assess his or her weight-related health.

Answer
According to research that has been done, it shows that overweight is as a result of having a lifestyle that breaks some rules and regulations on how to exercise and the foods that one consumes.
Step-by-step explanation
On the issues of sensitivity it means the capacity to test someone who has the disease and detect it on the patient suffering from the disorder, specificity is the when a test is done and it found that there is no disease that is found when someone is screened, the positive predictive value is the potential of someone having the disorder while negative predictive value is the possible of those not having the disease in a particular population when the screening has been done. Children with overweight issues do have some issues that need to be handled effectively.
As caregivers and parents need there is need to guide the children who are overweight. This is because if this is done it will reduce the risk of the child having some complications like high blood pressure. The caregivers and parents need to follow the following interventions to be proactive about their children who are overweight;
a). The parent or the caregiver should be a good role model by taking healthy foods
b). Ensuring that talk to the child the need to be healthy and the measures one can take to be healthy always
c). Have a discussion on the necessity of having physical exercises and taking of healthy foods
d). Do every effort to make sure that the child have enough sleep
e). By avoiding serving large meals of food to the children
The risk factors of overweight are that one can develop some complications if not well controlled. To gain the full understanding of the child the interventions that has been advised by the nurse they should be followed always. They best way to gather the info ad the best sensitive fashion is by encouraging and following the required sources of information about overweight and the mechanisms that can be taken to regulate the disorder.
The relevant health issue that is available to be known about child overweight is that it can lead it can cause some physical conditions and complications such as asthma and bone fractures. Also, there are some social and emotional issues that can be as a result of overweight such depression and low self-esteem.
Assessing the overweight disorder a nurse has to look at the key issues like the blood pressure, the weight and the height, and the body mass index. These are the most important assessment that should be done on the patient.
The five-year old caregiver should be asked the following sensitive and specific questions on the overweight disorder;
a). The previous weight of the patient
b). The history of the family about the overweight and obesity
c). If the patient is depressed or stressed
It is crucial and critical parents and caregivers to be proactive and have measures and strategies on how to manage the weight of their children. The strategies include;
a). Minding the meals and drinks of the child
b). Ensuring that the caregiver or the parents tracks the intake of the food by the child

Another Answer

Danger Associated With Overweight
Being overweight can cause several health risks and issues such as diabetes due to high blood sugar, stroke, heart disease, high blood pressure, the liver disease, which occurs due to fats accumulating in the liver, and gall bladder disease, caused when the gall bladder is filled with gallstones.
Step-by-step explanation
Danger Associated With Overweight
Being overweight can cause several health risks and issues such as diabetes due to high blood sugar, stroke, heart disease, high blood pressure, the liver disease, which occurs due to fats accumulating in the liver, and gall bladder disease, caused when the gall bladder is filled with gallstones.
Additionally, I would like to find out what type of food the child eats, which would help understand the child’s health. I want to find out if the boy engages in any sporting activities in school or after school. I would also ask if overweight is hereditary, or it has only occurred for the boy and his parents. This would assist in further assessing the boy’s health.
Due to risk such as high blood pressure, where your heart needs to pump the blood harder due to the fats around the blood vessels, and stroke, which occurs when blood is not reaching the brain, I would like to find out if the boy has any other health issues now or before.
What type of food does the boy eat?
Since overweight is a disorder that can cause health risks, and sometimes it is hereditary, is it possible that the overweight in this family is hereditary?
Does the child have any other health issues?
First, I would educate the parents and caregivers about the risks and health complications of being overweight. I would encourage them to do more exercise and avoid eating fatty and sugary foods since this is the main cause of obesity. I would also give them real examples of people who have recovered from being overweight.

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Explain the appropriate drug therapy for a patient

As a psychiatric nurse practitioner, you will likely encounter patients who suffer from various mental health disorders. Not surprisingly, ensuring that your patients have the appropriate psychopharmacologic treatments will be essential for their overall health and well-being. The psychopharmacologic treatments you might recommend for patients may have potential impacts on other mental health conditions and, therefore, require additional consideration for positive patient outcomes. For this Assignment, you will review and apply your understanding of psychopharmacologic treatments for patients with multiple mental health disorders.

Review the Learning Resources for this week.
Reflect on the psychopharmacologic treatments that you have covered up to this point that may be available to treat patients with mental health disorders ( Zoloft)
Consider the potential effects these psychopharmacologic treatments may have on co-existing mental health conditions and/or their potential effects on your patient’s overall health.

Address the following Short Answer prompts for your Assignment. Be sure to include references to the Learning Resources for this week.

In 3 or 4 sentences, explain the appropriate drug therapy for a patient who presents with MDD and a history of alcohol abuse. Which drugs are contraindicated, if any, and why? Be specific. What is the timeframe that the patient should see resolution of symptoms?

List 4 predictors of late onset generalized anxiety disorder.
List 4 potential neurobiology causes of psychotic major depression.
An episode of major depression is defined as a period of time lasting at least 2 weeks. List at least 5 symptoms required for the episode to occur. Be specific.
List 3 classes of drugs, with a corresponding example for each class, that precipitate insomnia. Be specific.

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INDIVIDUAL STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING ADDICTION

In addition to programs aimed at preventing addiction, there are some helpful ideas for individuals wanting to avoid addiction in their own lives. Although there is no guarantee, these ideas are worth considering:

Resolve past hurts and trauma with help from a counselor or psychologist. Early childhood trauma is associated with addictions. Presumably, the earlier one works through these hurts and traumas, the likelihood of addiction should diminish.
Seek counseling if impulsivity, poor self-control, or poor emotional regulation are issues. These are also associated with a higher likelihood of developing an addiction.
Surround yourself with supportive individuals. This may be especially true for those who are marginalized (e.g., LGBTQ individuals, non-White individuals).
Develop strong bonds with family, at school, at church, and with others who do not condone drug use. Similar to point 3, supportive individuals create a supportive community. If your parents are not supportive, finding a “parent surrogate” as a positive parental figure in your life is considered very helpful (Stevens, 2013, p. 252). Having positive connections to adults and elders is helpful for Alaskan native youth (Philip, Ford, Henry, Rasmus, & Allen, 2016).
Pick friends wisely. It will be harder to avoid using drugs if your friends use them regularly.
Delay use of legal drugs. Those who begin smoking or drinking early are more likely to develop addiction issues.
Monitor your use of legal drugs. Avoid drinking excessive quantities of alcohol, especially repeatedly, and if you smoke only allow yourself a few cigarettes a day.
Avoid the use of illegal drugs. Illegal drugs are illegal for a reason! Particularly avoid using nonprescribed opioids, nonprescribed stimulants (including nicotine products), and nonprescribed depressants. Each of these drug classes has high dependency potential.
Become informed regarding the consequences of drug use. Education is your weapon in avoiding or reducing drug use.
Participate in community anti-drug programs. In this way, you become part of the solution instead of the problem.
Learn effective refusal skills. The ability to refuse alcohol and other drugs is predictive of lower alcohol use among college students (Stevens, Littlefield, Blanchard, Talley, & Brown, 2016).
Avoid prescription opioid use wherever possible. This class of drugs is highly addictive and should be avoided wherever possible (Beauchamp, Winstanley, Ryan, & Lyons, 2014).

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Lobbying for Change

Godfrey Onsongo

Capella University

NHS-FPX6008: Econ Decision Making HealthCare

Joseann DeWitt

December 2022

Godfrey Onsongo,

Capella University,

South 6th St,

Minneapolis, MN, 55402 Street.

6th December 2022.

The Office of the Governor,

106 DR. Vincent Michael,

St. Francis, MN, 55225.

Dear Sir,

RE: NURSING SHORTAGE

Nursing shortage

I am writing to create a concern for solutions to the challenging healthcare issue of nurse shortage affecting the hospitals in Minnesota and globally. The nursing shortage is now a worldwide healthcare challenge affecting the dissemination of care services to nurses by patients.

Recently, the nurse shortage has been reported as the main challenge to quality services in the United States, creating big problems for the population’s health. The nursing shortage problem is contributed by poor or inadequate hiring and recruitment of untrained nurses, poor money management in the hospital, poor utilization of nursing resources, and retirement of aging nurses. Nurse shortage has affected healthcare performance in Minnesota and deteriorated the population’s health, affecting the production quality. The problem of nurse shortage creates demand for recruiting new nurses and training the available ones to gain nursing experience.

World Health Organization provides an estimate of over one million nurses’ jobs created during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many nurses are aging and will retire in the coming years, creating a big challenge in healthcare due to the lack of nurse trainers. Though Minnesota’s institutions can produce a higher number of healthcare nurses, the hospitals need to recruit a new team and train them to achieve greater experience and skills. Moreover, the lack of qualified nurses affects the hospital’s performance in Minnesota and patient satisfaction, including patient safety.

Outcomes of Addressing or Failing to Address Nursing Shortage

The hospital management can address the solution to the nurse shortage by ensuring the recruitment of new nurses, training the existing nurses to acquire more skills, ensuring encouraging nurse retention. Addressing the nurse shortage in hospitals has a great positive impact on the population’s health. Enough nurses and caregivers in the healthcare facility help reduce workloads and create patient satisfaction. Ensuring a balanced patient-to-nurse ratio will promote patient safety, less the time it takes for the patient to acquire care services in the hospitals, reduce medication errors, and reduce patient overcrowding. However, the failure to address the nurse shortage problem in Minnesota’s state government will decrease patient satisfaction in all healthcare facilities within the region. Poor patient satisfaction decreases the performance of the healthcare setting. Nurse under-staffing will create more adverse effects through medication errors affecting the population’s health. Lack of enough healthcare nurses will also increase the hospital work burden, overcrowding of patients, and mortality rate. Lack of enough nurses in the healthcare setting reduces the time taken for patient and nurses’ examination and consultation, affecting the quality of services and clinical decisions nurses make. Lastly, failure to address the problem of nurse shortage in healthcare facilities will increase staff work burden, stress, and exhaustion to the available nurses (Ghafoor et al., 2021).

Scholarly Sources Regarding the Importance of Addressing Nursing Shortages

Several researchers have investigated the problem of nurse understaffing in healthcare facilities and the benefits of addressing the problem. Tamata et al., (2021), stated that the nursing shortage is a global healthcare challenge that needs to be addressed to balance the demand for the increased number of patients. Addressing nurse shortage through recruitment and nurse retention requires the health ministry to set up principles and guidelines. Also, there is a need to set up policies for recruitment in the healthcare setting and minimize the problem of nurse resignation. According to Buerhaus, (2021), there was increased demand for more healthcare workers and nurses resulting from the need to provide treatment and care services to patients due to the

COVID-19 pandemic. Ensuring proper management in the healthcare setting will encourage nurse retention, create a conducive working environment for nurses and promote quality care services delivery. Ryan et al., (2019), investigated the nursing shortage problem stating the effects of aging nurses retiring from the nursing profession. The lack of qualified and certified nurses will demand more trainers and healthcare instructors who provide mentorship to newly graduated nurses. Therefore, the investigation requires more nurses to be trained by aging nurses before they retire. Marć et al., (2019), stated that nurse under-staffing has no measure for the impacts of the lack of nurses in healthcare institutions.

The estimated impacts of the nurse shortage include increased mortality rate, poor population health, and loss of finances by the patients through admissions and readmissions. Nursing shortage affects the hospitals’ performance and hence requires the stakeholders to cooperate to address the problem (Ghafoor et al., 2021). The affected stakeholders in the healthcare setting include the general population, regulation health ministries, healthcare management, and nurses. It is important to ensure a good working environment for the available nurses to be satisfied enough.

Experiences that have Informed the Resource Planning and Risk Analysis

From my experience in the last two years working as a professional nurse, the outbreak of COVID-19 has increased the demand for healthcare nurses and caregivers. The pandemic has increased healthcare expenditure spending through recruitment and retention of healthcare nurses, salary increments, and nurse workload. More patients crowd into the healthcare facilities demanding treatment services. The situation in the hospital that I worked with in the remote area faced a lot of challenges in maintaining the available workforce. Some of the nurses resigned due to poor working conditions. The hospital spends more than $ 4 million to recruit more nurses and replace the outgoing ones. The hospital requires good financial management to maintain the available nurses. Hospital management requires effective transformational leadership that provides a conducive working environment and motivates the available nurses to reduce the problem of resignation.

In addition, a strategic plan should be made through website advertisement, mentorship and training, and ensuring partnership with the Minnesota Department of Health to help recruit newly graduated nurses to achieve skills (Rogers, 2021). The problem of nurse shortage creates coordination of the health ministry in Minnesota to address the problem. Also, due to the COVID-19 outbreak, there is increased demand for care services; hence, the Minnesota health department should review the process of acquiring a service delivery license.

Yours faithfully,

O, Godfrey

References

Buerhaus, P. I. (2021). Current nursing shortages could have long-lasting consequences: Time to change our present course. Nursing Economics, 39(5), 247–250.

Buerhaus, P. I. (2021). Current nursing shortages could have long-lasting consequences: Time to change our present course. Nursing Economics, 39(5), 247-250.

Ghafoor, Y., Yaqoob, A., Bilal, A., & Ghafoor, M. S. (2021). Impact of nurse shortage on patient care. Saudi Journal of Nursing and Health Care, 4(4), 114–119. /orders/doi.org/10.36348/sjnhc.2021.v04i04.003

Marć, M., Bartosiewicz, A., Burzyńska, J., Chmiel, Z., & Januszewicz, P. (2019). A nursing shortage–a prospect of global and local policies. International Nursing Review, 66(1), 9– 16. /orders/doi.org/10.1111/inr.12473

Rogers, R. (2021). Pandemic Recovery in Nursing: Labor Shortage and Financial Devastation.

/orders/digitalcommons.gardner webb.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1027&context=nursing-msn

Ryan, C., Bergin, M., White, M., & Wells, J. S. G. (2019). Ageing in the nursing workforce–a global challenge in an Irish context. International Nursing Review, 66(2), 157–164. /orders/doi.org/10.1111/inr.12482

Tamata, A. T., Mohammadnezhad, M., & Tamani, L. (2021). Registered nurses’ perceptions on the factors affecting nursing shortage in the Republic of Vanuatu Hospitals: A qualitative study. Plos One, 16(5), e0251890. /orders/doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251890

Write a letter to an official in your state or local government. (Choose the individual in the level of government that will best address your issue). The purpose of this letter is to advocate for action with regards to your chosen health care environment issue.

TOPIC- NURSING SHORTAGE

Introduction

Note: Each assessment in this course builds upon the work you have completed in previous assessments. Therefore, you must complete the assessments in the order in which they are presented.As health care leaders, it is important to understand strategies for advocating and lobbying elected officials. This can lead to the development of policies or laws that can help drive improved equity and outcomes for all participants in the health care environment as well as a more sustainable financial future.

Background and Context

As a master’s-level health care practitioner, you may be expected to implement plans to ensure that initiatives designed to take advantage of economic opportunities for the organization are rolled out successfully and can be sustained over multiple years. Additionally, it is important to be able to envision how an initiative could be implemented in different contexts and for different purposes to ensure the investment remains a viable and positive asset to your organization or care setting.As a master’s-level practitioner, you will often be challenged to influence the health care environment in a variety of ways. This influence can occur on a micro-level (implementing change on your unit, institution, community, or local organizations) or at a macro level (implementing change via state or federal regulations and policy). One way you can influence the health care environment is by lobbying an elected official at the local, state, or national level to adopt policies or legislation that would support positive economic and health outcomes for patients, practitioners, and organizations within the health care environment.

Instructions

For this assessment, you will develop a letter to an official in your state or local government (choose the individual in the level of government that will best address your issue). The purpose of this letter is to advocate for action with regards to your chosen health care environment issue. Remember, when writing the letter, you must use your personal address and telephone number unless you are exclusively representing a group or your organization.Be sure to address each main point. Review the assessment instructions and scoring guide, including performance-level descriptions for each criterion, to ensure you understand the work you will be asked to complete and how it will be assessed. In addition, note the requirements for document format and length and for supporting evidence.Overall, your assessment submission will be assessed on the following criteria:

Summarize the health care economic issue that you are addressing.
- Keep this brief but try to include details about how the issue is currently impacting the elected officials’ constituents.
Explain the positive outcomes that will occur if the issue is addressed and the negative outcomes that will occur if the issue is not addressed.
- Tailor this messaging to focus on the impacts in the communities and organizations that are relevant to the elected official you are writing to.
Summarize key information from scholarly sources to support the importance of addressing the issue; the issue’s overall impact on health care at the institutional, local, state, and national levels; and proposed changes or actions to address the issue.
- Cite at least five current, scholarly sources that support your argument and help provide the elected official (who may not have a detailed knowledge of the health care environment) with an understanding of the issues, changes, or actions that you are proposing to drive improved outcomes.
- Identify the impact your issue has on health care institutions and health care providers at the local community, state, and national levels.
- Make sure to include information from both a health care and an economic perspective. An elected official may be more responsive to one perspective than another.
- Incorporate ethical, cultural, and diversity principles when picking resources and making recommendations for change in your assessment.
Explain how personal, professional, and organizational experiences have informed the resource planning and risk analysis for working toward addressing the economic issue.
- Think about how your experiences (the experiences can be personal, professional, or from your team’s perspective or experience) affect how you have planned for the resources needed to implement your desired changes or actions. How did this impact your approach to conducting a risk analysis on the project?
Convey purpose, in an appropriate tone and style, incorporating supporting evidence and adhering to organizational, professional, and scholarly communication standards.
- Remember to conclude your letter with a summary of your position on the issue and a compelling reason that the elected official should act in your favor and support your issue or initiative.

Additional Requirements

Audience: Make sure you are addressing your letter to an actual local or state official.
- For most states, you can use the following resource:
  - Open States. (n.d.). Find your legislators. /orders/openstates.org/find_your_legislator/
- For local officials, search your city’s government website for officials and their positions.
Length of Submission: 1–2 double spaced pages. Your letter needs to be succinct and persuasive.
Number of References: Cite at least five sources of evidence to support your identification of the gap. This could be public health data, a peer-reviewed journal article, or another scholarly source.
APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to current APA style.

Note: As you revise your writing, check out the resources listed on the Writing Center’s Writing Support page.

Competencies Measured

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:

Competency 1: Analyze the effects of financial and economic factors (such as cost-benefit, supply and demand, return on investment, and risks) in a health care system on patient care, services offered, and organizational structures and operation.
- Summarize the health care economic issue that you are addressing.
Competency 2: Develop ethical and culturally equitable solutions to economic problems within a health care organization in an effort to improve the quality of care and services offered.
- Explain the positive outcomes that will occur if the issue is addressed and negative outcomes that will occur if the issue is not addressed.
Competency 3: Justify the qualitative and quantitative information used to guide economic decision making to stakeholders and colleagues.
- Summarize key information from scholarly sources to support the importance of addressing the issue; the issue’s overall impact on health care at the institutional, local, state, and national levels; and proposed changes or actions to address the issue.
Competency 4: Develop ethical and culturally equitable economic strategies to address dynamic environmental forces and ensure the future security of an organization’s resources and its ability to provide quality care.
- Explain how personal, professional, and organizational experiences have informed the resource planning and risk analysis for working toward addressing the economic issue.
Competency 5: Produce clear, coherent, and professional written work, in accordance with Capella writing standards.
- Convey purpose, in an appropriate tone and style, incorporating supporting evidence and adhering to organizational, professional, and scholarly writing standards.

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NURS-FPX6008 Lobbying for Change

Lobbying for Change

Winston Barte

Nurs-FPX6008

Capella University

Dr. Whitney Rigdon

Date

Winston Barte

Street Address

City

Phone Number

31st October 2022

His Excellency Greg Abbott

Office of Governor

State Insurance Building

1100 San Jacinto

Austin, Texas 78701

P.O. Box 12428

Austin, Texas 78711-2428

(512) 463-2000

Dear His Excellency, Greg Abbott

RE: HIGH HEALTHCARE COSTS AMONG THE ELDERLY

Because of the excessive expense of healthcare for the elderly in our state, I am writing to seek your assistance. Elderly Texans spend two to three times the national average on their medication. That’s not even the highest price in Texas for specific medicines. Older Texans on limited incomes struggle to manage growing medical bills and the high cost of prescription medications. More expensive treatment options are required for the elderly, driving up the cost of care. Some insurance plans do not cover the high expense of skilled nursing facilities, adult day care centers, residential care facilities, or community-based services that patients may need after being released from an acute care hospital. Texas has among the worst rates of sickness and mortality in the country due to its high uninsured rate, strict Medicaid requirements, and lack of resources. Texas ranks dead last among the states in terms of taking care of its elderly population.

More than 4.5 million Texans are uninsured. U.S. Census data published in September shows that despite California having over 40 million citizens and Texas having just 28 million, Texas currently has more uninsured persons (Ehrenfeld, n.d.). Texas is one of 18 states that now reject federal funding to assist those who are neither qualified for Medicaid in their state nor get federal subsidies to purchase a commercial plan under the Affordable Care Act. One must be completely disabled and unable to work, or within one year of death, to qualify for Medicaid due to a disability. Up to a third of Texans, including those with health insurance, could not afford necessary medical care if they were ill. State deductibles for employee health insurance plans are greater than those in New York and California (Ehrenfeld, n.d.). Complaints about rude, harried, and muddled medical treatment in Medicare Advantage plans affect individuals of all socioeconomic levels. Also, many people report difficulties in scheduling appointments with specialists.

Therefore, Texans are not receiving enough medical attention. Many seniors on restricted incomes must decide between paying for food and medicine. Simply put, Medicare will only pay for a specific portion of a patient’s medical bills, and anything above that must come out of the patient’s pocket. Americans over 65 have higher out-of-pocket healthcare costs and are less likely to seek treatment due to financial concerns than their counterparts in other high-income nations (Jacobson et al., 2021). Some seniors may forego needed treatment altogether if they cannot afford the out-of-pocket expenses. When patients do not get the treatment they need when they need it, it may worsen their diseases, postpone their diagnosis, negatively impact their health outcomes, and drive up healthcare costs.

The experience of Texas demonstrates that policymakers should not look to a single demographic or region when deciding how to rein in the expansion of healthcare costs. Instead, they should consider many approaches that may be adjusted to fit the demands of the people and the environment. A person should not have to earn the right to get medical treatment. Every Texan senior should be able to afford peace of mind with comprehensive health coverage. There should never be a time when a sick, senior citizen has to choose between purchasing food and buying medicine that might save their life.

To combat this issue, our state government should pass the Inflation Reduction Act and give Medicare the authority to negotiate the costs of expensive pharmaceuticals. According to the Inflation Reduction Act, drug expenses will be capped at $2,000. Medicare will be able to negotiate lower medicine prices with pharmaceutical corporations thanks to the law. As a bonus, it will safeguard Medicare recipients, including the elderly and those with disabilities, against astronomical medication costs.

Your Sincerely

Winston Barte

References

Ehrenfeld, T. (n.d.). Texas health system problems.

Healthline. /orders/www.healthline.com/health-news/texas-healthcare-system-one-of-the-worst-in-country

Jacobson, G., Cicchiello, A., Shah, A., Doty, M. M., & Williams, R. D. (2021). II. When costs are a barrier to getting health care: reports from older adults in the United States and other high-income countries. Commonwealth Fund.

Write a letter to an official in your state or local government. (Choose the individual in the level of government that will best address your issue). The purpose of this letter is to advocate for action with regards to your chosen health care environment issue.

TOPIC- HIGH HEALTHCARE COSTS AMONG THE ELDERLY

Introduction

Background and Context

Instructions

Summarize the health care economic issue that you are addressing.
- Keep this brief but try to include details about how the issue is currently impacting the elected officials’ constituents.
Explain the positive outcomes that will occur if the issue is addressed and the negative outcomes that will occur if the issue is not addressed.
- Tailor this messaging to focus on the impacts in the communities and organizations that are relevant to the elected official you are writing to.
Summarize key information from scholarly sources to support the importance of addressing the issue; the issue’s overall impact on health care at the institutional, local, state, and national levels; and proposed changes or actions to address the issue.
- Cite at least five current, scholarly sources that support your argument and help provide the elected official (who may not have a detailed knowledge of the health care environment) with an understanding of the issues, changes, or actions that you are proposing to drive improved outcomes.
- Identify the impact your issue has on health care institutions and health care providers at the local community, state, and national levels.
- Make sure to include information from both a health care and an economic perspective. An elected official may be more responsive to one perspective than another.
- Incorporate ethical, cultural, and diversity principles when picking resources and making recommendations for change in your assessment.
Explain how personal, professional, and organizational experiences have informed the resource planning and risk analysis for working toward addressing the economic issue.
- Think about how your experiences (the experiences can be personal, professional, or from your team’s perspective or experience) affect how you have planned for the resources needed to implement your desired changes or actions. How did this impact your approach to conducting a risk analysis on the project?
Convey purpose, in an appropriate tone and style, incorporating supporting evidence and adhering to organizational, professional, and scholarly communication standards.
- Remember to conclude your letter with a summary of your position on the issue and a compelling reason that the elected official should act in your favor and support your issue or initiative.

Additional Requirements

Audience: Make sure you are addressing your letter to an actual local or state official.
- For most states, you can use the following resource:
  - Open States. (n.d.). Find your legislators. /orders/openstates.org/find_your_legislator/
- For local officials, search your city’s government website for officials and their positions.
Length of Submission: 1–2 double spaced pages. Your letter needs to be succinct and persuasive.
Number of References: Cite at least five sources of evidence to support your identification of the gap. This could be public health data, a peer-reviewed journal article, or another scholarly source.
APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to current APA style.

Note: As you revise your writing, check out the resources listed on the Writing Center’s Writing Support page.

Competencies Measured

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:

Competency 1: Analyze the effects of financial and economic factors (such as cost-benefit, supply and demand, return on investment, and risks) in a health care system on patient care, services offered, and organizational structures and operation.
- Summarize the health care economic issue that you are addressing.
Competency 2: Develop ethical and culturally equitable solutions to economic problems within a health care organization in an effort to improve the quality of care and services offered.
- Explain the positive outcomes that will occur if the issue is addressed and negative outcomes that will occur if the issue is not addressed.
Competency 3: Justify the qualitative and quantitative information used to guide economic decision making to stakeholders and colleagues.
- Summarize key information from scholarly sources to support the importance of addressing the issue; the issue’s overall impact on health care at the institutional, local, state, and national levels; and proposed changes or actions to address the issue.
Competency 4: Develop ethical and culturally equitable economic strategies to address dynamic environmental forces and ensure the future security of an organization’s resources and its ability to provide quality care.
- Explain how personal, professional, and organizational experiences have informed the resource planning and risk analysis for working toward addressing the economic issue.
Competency 5: Produce clear, coherent, and professional written work, in accordance with Capella writing standards.
- Convey purpose, in an appropriate tone and style, incorporating supporting evidence and adhering to organizational, professional, and scholarly writing standards.

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NHS FPX6008 Assessment 4: Lobbying for Change

For this assessment, you will develop a letter to an official in your state or local government. The purpose of this letter is to advocate for action with regards to your chosen health care environment issue.

Remember, when writing the letter, you must use your personal address and telephone number unless you are exclusively representing a group or your organization.

Overall, your assessment submission will be assessed on the following criteria:

Summarize the health care economic issue that you are addressing.

- Keep this brief but try to include details about how the issue is currently impacting the elected officials’ constituents.

Explain the positive outcomes that will occur if the issue is addressed and the negative outcomes that will occur if the issue is not addressed.

- Tailor this messaging to focus on the impacts in the communities and organizations that are relevant to the elected official you are writing to.

Summarize key information from scholarly sources to support the importance of addressing the issue; the issue’s overall impact on health care at the institutional, local, state, or national level; and proposed changes or actions to address the issue.

- Cite at least five current, scholarly sources that support your argument and help provide the elected official (who may not have a detailed knowledge of the health care environment) with an understanding of the issues, changes, or actions that you are proposing to drive improved outcomes.

- Identify the impact your issue has on health care institutions and health care providers at the local community, state, or national level.

- Make sure to include information from both a health care and an economic perspective. An elected official may be more responsive to one perspective than another.

- Incorporate social justice, structural racism, and inequity principles when picking resources and making recommendations for change in your assessment.

Explain how personal, professional, and organizational experiences have informed the resource planning and risk analysis for working toward addressing the economic issue.

Convey purpose, in an appropriate tone and style, incorporating supporting evidence and adhering to organizational, professional, and scholarly communication standards.

- Remember to conclude your letter with a summary of your position on the issue and a compelling reason that the elected official should act in your favor and support your issue or initiative.

Competencies Measured

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:

Competency 1: Analyze the effects of financial and economic factors (such as cost-benefit, supply and demand, return on investment, and risks) in a health care system on patient care, services offered, and organizational structures and operation.

- Summarize the health care economic issue that you are addressing.

Competency 2: Develop ethical and culturally equitable solutions to economic problems within a health care organization in an effort to improve the quality of care and services offered.

- Explain the positive outcomes that will occur if the issue is addressed and negative outcomes that will occur if the issue is not addressed.

Competency 3: Justify the qualitative and quantitative information used to guide economic decision making to stakeholders and colleagues.

- Summarize key information from scholarly sources to support the importance of addressing the issue; the issue’s overall impact on health care at the institutional, local, state, or national level; and proposed changes or actions to address the issue.

Competency 4: Develop ethical and culturally equitable economic strategies to address dynamic environmental forces and ensure the future security of an organization’s resources and its ability to provide quality care.

- Explain how personal, professional, and organizational experiences have informed the resource planning and risk analysis for working toward addressing the economic issue.

Additional Requirements

Audience: Make sure you are addressing your letter to an actual local or state official.
Length of Submission: 1–2 double spaced pages (500-600 words). Your letter needs to be succinct and persuasive.
Number of References: Cite at least five sources of evidence to support your identification of the gap. This could be public health data, a peer-reviewed journal article, or another scholarly source.
APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to current APA 7 style.

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CHM 122 Manual Lab 1 PROP 344 Freezing Point Depression

FREEZING POINT DEPRESSION LAB REPORT

Introduction:

Freezing point depression occurs when the freezing point of a liquid is lowered by adding another compound on it. The freezing point of water is 0º, but it can be depressed by adding a solvent such as salt in our experiment. It’s a colligative property of matter.

In our experiment we’re going to add some sugar to 5 different test tubes (0,5/1/1,5/2/2,5 grams per test tube) and we will put them up in a salt ice mixtured beaker.

The equation that we will use later on to calculate the change in freezing point is:

Change in boiling point = Kc x molality

(AT: change in boiling point)
(Kc: Cryoscopic constant, Kc for water is 1,86 and for Acetic acid is 3.9)
(molality: Mol/kg)

The more solute added in H2O, lower freezing point it will have. So, what happens when we place the test tubes in a salt ice mixture beaker?

Adding salt to the beaker with ice causes a temperature drop that slows the melting rate and increases the freezing one. The final result is that the ice melts slowly after the addition of salt. Another point to take into consideration is that as more solute, more molality, and as more molality, the freezing point gets lowered.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the molality and the freezing point of a solution.

Hypothesis:

In this experiment we will see how the change in freezing point of a solution lowers when more solute is added to water. When the molality of the solution is bigger, the freezing point decreases.

We’re going to place all the test tubes when different measurements of sugar in a big beaker with some ice cubes and salt. As I said before, the freezing point of water freezes at 0ºC, however, it’s going to be lowered when salt is added. This is because the freezing point of solutions is all lower than that of the pure solvent. The salt dissolves into the liquid water in the ice and lowers its freezing point. This is because adding the solute will disrupt the equilibrium, the salt molecules dissolve in the water, but do not pack easily into the molecules in the solid (ice), making the freezing point of water being lowered when salt is added.

When we add more sugar, (more molality) the FP of the solution will be lowered. The molality indicates that the higher it is, the greater the freezing point is depressed, so to conclude, in this experiment the change in freezing point depression will be proportional to the molality, the higher it is, the lower FP.

Table of results and graph:
Molalities of each sugar solution:
The first thing we need to do is calculate the moles by this formula: moles = g of sugar/ molecular mass of sucrose (MM of sucrose: 342.30).

After we calculate the moles, using the formula of molality (m): molality = moles/ kg of solvent (water – 0.005kg). We need to follow this process to get the molality of every sugar test tube.

0 g sugar in 5.0 g water – Pure water so à 0 mol/kg

0.5 g sugar in 5.0 g water – (0.5/342.30) /0.005= 0.001/0.005= 0.2 mol/ kg

1.0 g sugar in 5.0 g water – (1.0/ 342-30) /0.005= 0.003/ 0.005= 0.6 mol/ kg

1.5 g sugar in 5.0 g water – (1.5/342.30) /0.005= 0.004/ 0.005= 0.8 mol/ kg

2.0 g sugar in 5.0 g water – (2.0/342.30) /0.005= 0.006/ 0.005= 1.2 mol/ kg

2.5 g sugar in 5.0 g water – (2.5/342.30) /0.005= 0.007/0.005= 1.4 mol/ kg

Table:

Mass of sugar in solution (g)	Molality (mol/kg)	Attempt 1 – Freezing point (^oC)	Attempt 2 – Freezing point (^oC)	Average freezing point (^oC)	Change in freezing point compared to pure water (^oC)
0	0	– 0	– 0.6	0.3	-0.3
0.5	0.2	– 0.6	– 0.8	0.7	-0.37
1.0	0.6	– 0.3	– 0.1	0.2	-1.12
1.5	0.8	– 1.7	– 1.7	1.7	-1.49
2.0	1.2	– 2.0	– 2.2	2.1	-2. 23
2.5	1.4	– 2.9	– 2.5	2.7	-2.60

Graph:

Conclusion (explaining the results and how they match to our hypothesis):

While completing the table and creating the graph we’ve noticed that as the molality increases, the freezing point depression decreases (ºC). When for example the molality is 0,2, the FP is of -0,37 and when the molality is 1,4, the FP is -2,60. This clearly shows what we’ve said, and this is because the freezing point depression is directly proportional to the molality of the solute. While more mass of sugar is added, more molality there’s in the solution. When more molality, the change in freezing point is going to be lowered.

A point to take into consideration is the position of the table. The freezing point depression is negative, that’s why the molality, which is positive is in the upper part of the graph, and all the dots go down in the graph when the molality is bigger and the freezing point depression is lowered

According to the hypothesis and the background information , the results obtained match with what we said before in the hypothesis

Evaluation (Discussing problems and suggesting improvements):

Generally, we think we worked well as a group and we haven’t committed big or notable errors that are lately seen in the results. However, as in every lab experiment we had some strong and weak points;

On one hand, there were few strong points such as when calculating the temperature, we were aware that it remained constant and didn’t change and when we were sure about this, we took out the thermometer form the cold or ice. Also, we were very precise at the time of getting the correct measurements. We followed the measurements that were in the method exactly as they were. We get the amount of water needed and all the elements we needed to use. We were extremely careful in this part because in other experiments, not taking perfectly and carefully the right measurements caused a complete disaster and non-sense results.

On the other hand, during the experiment we had some weak points. Having weak points in an experiment is normal because in the lab the’re involved lots of factors that makes it easier to get a mistake. For, the next lab session we should learn about these small mistakes and correct them:
Firstly, we had some problems, as we didn´t know when we had to take out the thermometer. We didn’t know when it had reached the freezing point, so we had to repeat it a few times. Then, the way of calculating the temperature with those thermometers and continuously taking out from the solution and putting again in, is not a very precise and accurate way of completing and getting the freezing point of a solution. That way, the results must vary from other groups experiments and might not be as accurate as we wanted them to be.

We could improve this weaks points for the next lab session by finding a new method or way of calculating temperature. Maybe putting the solution at a fridge or something that maintains constant the temperature we need to reach, this is another easy and better way.References:

Chemwiki.ucdavis.edu, (2015). Freezing Point Depression – Chemwiki. [online] Available at: http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Physical_Properties_of_Matter/Solutions_and_Mixtures/Colligative_Properties/Freezing_Point_Depression [Accessed 19 Feb. 2015].

All-science-fair-projects.com,. (2015). Science Fair Projects – The effect of salt and sugar on the freezing point of water. Retrieved 19 February 2015, from http://www.all-science-fair-projects.com/print_project_1151_38

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NURS FPX 6410 Assessment 2 Executive Summary to Administration

Executive Summary

Explaining Key Quality & Safety Outcomes

Determining the Strategic Value

Analyzing Relationships Between Medication Errors & Quality and Safety Outcomes

NURS FPX 6212 Assessment 2 Executive Summary

Strategic Initiatives

Leadership Team Supporting Adoption of Proposed Practice

Conclusion

References

NURS FPX 6410 Assessment 3 Exploration of Regulations and Implication for Practice

Exploration of Regulations and Implications for Practice

Safety Issue Involved

Informatics Model & Safe Practice

Intended Goals

Outcomes

Applying the Standards of Practice

Impacts of Regulatory Constraints

Structure of Ethical & Legal Practices

Stakeholders

Conclusion

References

NURS 6600 Week 9: Practicum Project -Dissemination of Scholarship

Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children

Explain the appropriate drug therapy for a patient

In 3 or 4 sentences, explain the appropriate drug therapy for a patient who presents with MDD and a history of alcohol abuse. Which drugs are contraindicated, if any, and why? Be specific. What is the timeframe that the patient should see resolution of symptoms?

INDIVIDUAL STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING ADDICTION

Lobbying for Change

Outcomes of Addressing or Failing to Address Nursing Shortage

Scholarly Sources Regarding the Importance of Addressing Nursing Shortages

Experiences that have Informed the Resource Planning and Risk Analysis

Write a letter to an official in your state or local government. (Choose the individual in the level of government that will best address your issue). The purpose of this letter is to advocate for action with regards to your chosen health care environment issue.

Introduction

Background and Context

Instructions

Additional Requirements

Competencies Measured

NURS-FPX6008 Lobbying for Change

Write a letter to an official in your state or local government. (Choose the individual in the level of government that will best address your issue). The purpose of this letter is to advocate for action with regards to your chosen health care environment issue.

Introduction

Background and Context

Instructions

Additional Requirements

Competencies Measured

NHS FPX6008 Assessment 4: Lobbying for Change

For this assessment, you will develop a letter to an official in your state or local government. The purpose of this letter is to advocate for action with regards to your chosen health care environment issue.

Competencies Measured

Additional Requirements

CHM 122 Manual Lab 1 PROP 344 Freezing Point Depression

FREEZING POINT DEPRESSION LAB REPORT

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