Literature Review

While the implementation plan prepares students to apply their research to the problem or issue they have identified for their capstone project change proposal, the literature review enables students to map out and move into the active planning and development stages of the project.

A literature review analyzes how current research supports the PICOT, as well as identifies what is known and what is not known in the evidence. Students will use the information from the earlier PICOT Question Paper and Literature Evaluation Table assignments to develop a 750-1,000 word review that includes the following sections:

Title page
Introduction section
A comparison of research questions
A comparison of sample populations
A comparison of the limitations of the study
A conclusion section, incorporating recommendations for further research

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

Literature Evaluation Table

Student Name: Liliane Kouame

Change Topic (2-3 sentences): The primary topic is about falls in dementia patients. And hence preventing falls in these patients will be the change topic.

Criteria	Article 1	Article 2	Article 3	Article 4
Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article	Bray, J., Evans, S., Bruce, M., Carter, C., Brooker, D., Milosevic, S. & Hutt, L. https://eprints.worc.ac.uk/id/eprint/4029	Hays, K. https://digitalcommons.otterbein.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=stu_doc	Lim, S. C. https://www.oatext.com/managing-the-elderly-with-dementia-and-frequent-falls.php	Rochester, L., Lord, S., Yarnall, A. J., & Burn, D. J. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4471-6365-7_3
Article Title and Year Published	Improving activity and engagement for patients with dementia. (2015)	Advanced Practice Nurses Knowledge and Use of Fall Prevention Guidelines. (2015)	Managing the elderly with dementia and frequent falls. (2017)	Falls in Patients with Dementia (2015)
Research Questions (Qualitative)/Hypothesis (Quantitative), and Purposes/Aim of Study	The article’s purpose is to strengthen staff-patient’s relationships within the unit and allow staffs to increase their engagement with dementia patients to reduce disconnect and feeling of isolation.	Research’s hypothesis focus on education practice nurses on how to prevent occurrence of falls to dementia patients using appropriate prevention strategies.	The main aim of the research is to manage older dementia patients who often experience falls. These patients according to the article should be managed with effectives established strategies.	The ultimate goal of the study is to assess different falls risk factors and combating strategies to prevent and reduce rates of fall in the hospital.
Design (Type of Quantitative, or Type of Qualitative)	Descriptive	Quasi-experimental study	Descriptive	Descriptive
Setting/Sample	Sample = 25 Setting: Acute care hospitals.	Sample= 15 Setting: Acute care hospitals.	Sample=20 Setting: a long-term care facility	Sample=16 Setting: a long-term care facility
Methods: Intervention/Instruments	Linking the gap between dementia patients with hospital staff.	Both pre- and post-intervention groups.	Exercise programme and personalized interventions.	Personalized interventions
Analysis	SPSS	Pre-intervention and post-intervention groups.	The study shows 90% of the adverse drug interactions experienced by the elderly are manageable.	It requires prompt mitigation strategies to reduce risky factors for elderly falls.
Key Findings	The relationship between staff and patients increases through proper engagement, activities and connection.	Dementia patients are well managed by practice nurses with improved knowledge and skills.	Dementia patients experiencing frequent falls can be well-managed with improved strategies.	Patients with dementia are at a higher risk of falling.
Recommendations	Dementia patients are supposed to connect and engage with staffs actively in different activities.	Practicing nurses should improve prevention strategies to reduce fall rates among dementia patients.	Proper strategies to reduce and prevent falls among elderly should be improved in home care facilities.	Effective therapeutic strategies should be established in home care and long-term care facilities to prevent and reduce rates of falls in dementia patients.
Explanation of How the Article Supports EBP/Capstone Project	The study decisively employed evidence-based interventions to develop recommendations for dementia patients.	Authors have used substantial knowledge to enhance prevention strategies for dementia patients.	The research evidently supported and used prevention approaches to mitigate falls among the elderly.	dementia. Patient’s fall were managed by therapeutic strategies using evidence.

Criteria	Article 5	Article 6	Article 7	Article 8
Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article	Aizen, E. https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/26168645	Knight, S., & Singh, I. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210833516300168	Eshkoor, S. A., Hamid, T. A., Nudin, S. S. A. H., & Mun, C. Y. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijad/2014/769062/abs/	Burton, E., Cavalheri, V., Adams, R., Browne, C. O., Bovery-Spencer, P., Fenton, A. M., … & Hill, K. D. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4330004/
Article Title and Year Published	Falls in patients with dementia. (2015)	Profile of inpatient falls in patients with dementia: A prospective comparative study between 100% single rooms and traditional multi-bedded wards (2016)	Research on functional status, environmental conditions, and risk of falls in dementia. (2014)	The effectiveness of exercise programs to reduce falls in older people with dementia living in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2015)
Research Questions (Qualitative)/Hypothesis (Quantitative), and Purposes/Aim of Study	The study’s focus is to draw a connection between dementia and falls. It is therefore this association that the research seeks to establish.	The hypothesis of this study is to asses inpatients falls for dementia patients.	The hypothesis is drawing a connection between the risk of falls, environmental conditions, and functional status in dementia patients.	Research is trying to answer the question “are exercise programs effective in reducing falls for older patients with dementia?” authors are seeking to determine the effectiveness of the exercise program to reduce falls amongst dementia patients.
Design (Type of Quantitative, or Type of Qualitative)	Quasi-experimental study	Descriptive	Descriptive	Descriptive
Setting/Sample	Sample = 25 Setting: long-term care facility	Sample = 100 Setting: Acute care hospitals.	Sample = 10 Setting: long-term care facility	Sample = 20 Setting: community
Methods: Intervention/Instruments	Therapeutic intervention strategies	Therapeutic intervention strategies	Individualized interventions	Individualized interventions
Analysis	SPSS	SPSS	Environmental intervention	SPSS
Key Findings	The research established a link between falls for elderly patients and dementia.	Acute care hospitals are continually recording high rates of falls from elderly.	The results of the study show increased environmental quality and reduced risks of falls.	Deductions from this article showed that elderly falls can be reduced by exercise programs.
Recommendations	There is a relationship between dementia and elderly patient falls.	High fall rates are common amongst patients with dementia.	Falls rates should be reduced by altering environmental quality and increased functional status.	Elderly patients Exercise programs should be encouraged to dementia elderly patients by caregivers.
Explanation of How the Article Supports EBP/Capstone	Patients with dementia Were effectively managed with therapeutic strategies	Patients with dementia Were effectively managed with therapeutic strategies	The article uses environment and activity as evidence for managing falls in patients with dementia.	The article uses exercise programs as evidence for managing falls in patients with dementia.

References

Bray, J., Evans, S., Bruce, M., Carter, C., Brooker, D., Milosevic, S. & Hutt, L. (2015). Improving activity and engagement for patients with dementia. Nursing older people, 27(8), 22-26.

Hays, K. (2015). Advanced Practice Nurses Knowledge and Use of Fall Prevention Guidelines. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

LIM, S. C. (2017). Managing the elderly with dementia and frequent falls. New York, NY: Springer.

Rochester, L. L. (2014). Falls in patients with dementia. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.

Aizen, E. (2015). Falls in patients with dementia. Harefuah, 154(5), 323-6.

Knight, S., & Singh, I. (2016). Profile of inpatient falls in patients with dementia: a prospective comparative study between 100% single rooms and traditional multi-bedded wards. Journal of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatrics, 7(3), 87-92.

Eshkoor, S. A., Hamid, T. A., Nudin, S. S. A. H., & Mun, C. Y. (2014). Research on functional status, environmental conditions, and risk of falls in dementia — International Journal of Alzheimer’s disease, 2014.

Burton, E., Cavalheri, V., Adams, R., Browne, C. O., Bovery-Spencer, P., Fenton, A. M. & Hill, K. D. (2015). The effectiveness of exercise programs to reduce falls in older people with dementia living in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis — clinical interventions in aging, 10, 421.

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Discussion Questions (DQ)

Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, including a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words. Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source. One or two-sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words. I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.

Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately. In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies. Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work). Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.

APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with the APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required). Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation. I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.

Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage over-utilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Master’s level and deduct points accordingly. As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content. It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.

LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to Lopes Write, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me. Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes. Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own? Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.

Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is a 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies. Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances. If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect. I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension. As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me: Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class. Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.

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