HOSPITAL ACQUIRED INFECTIONS
Introduction
Healthcare-associated infections are not present during the addition of patients in the hospitals. These infections include bloodstream, urinary tract, surgical site infections, ventilators linked pneumonia, and clostridium difficile infections. This infection is favorable in different conditions including coughing, lack of enough air when breathing abdominal pains, palpitations, and dysuria. In this research, I will outline the evaluation and ways to handle hospital-acquired infection mainly focusing on hospital staff (Le et al., 2019). National Healthcare Safety Network is working to cub this infectious pathogen to improve staff safety and wellbeing during working hours. This includes monitoring closely the safety guidelines as per the health organization.
Problem statement
Hospital-acquired infections can be controlled in different ways. The main focus is hospital staff and the way they carry themselves during patient attendance. handwashing can be an effective way to help prevent hospital-acquired infection. This should be practiced before and after patient attendance. Wearing of mask and hand gloves also helps prevent direct contact from patients with easily transmitted infections. “This initiative focuses on education and emphasizes solutions for staff education. In addition, the paper summarizes the association between hand cleanliness and hospital-acquired illness. As a result, the challenges in practice support the PICOT question that led the evaluation of research.”.
Research methodology
In this article, I used the internet to find the article written by different scholars to find solutions to healthcare-acquired infections to the staff members. Google Scholar also provided critical information that aided in my research. The main point is a hospital-acquired infection, handwashing being the measures to be undertaken. This information is filtered to cover articles that were written in the last 5 years.
Literature synthesis
(Monegro & Hariharan Regunath, 2019) “Nurses play a critical role in controlling infections as they are often the first to encounter infected patients. Washing hands and ensuring that everyone follows the established rules for infection prevention are key. This includes education of healthcare workers about infection control procedures, hand washing, using aseptic techniques when performing required procedures” (Monegro & Hariharan Regunath, 2019). Nevertheless, with awareness and guidelines, this infection will decline to the minimal best practice are being adopted in most hospitals for wound care in hospitals with the focus of protecting staff members from being swept away by these infections (Jemal, 2018). All members in all departments in the healthcare sector should take self-care and put their life first to service this cruel world we are living in. here “More invasive and extensive medical procedures will increase the frequency of healthcare-associated infections, which are infections that arise as a result of healthcare interventions. In most cases, such illnesses are produced endogenously by infectious components of the patient’s own microbiome” (Friedrich, 2019). Typically, bacteria in the microbiome have an inherent resistance to a few drugs. Microorganisms develop resistance to various antibiotics as a result of the epidemic transmission of certain clones and can cause difficult illnesses. Hence the staff members should take precautions during handling such patients to avoid being infected by the same conditions being treated.
Hand washing gives attention to improving the know-how and practice of the employees .in order to achieve this there is a requirement that is necessary this includes soap, water, dry and clean towels (Haselbeck et al., 2021). This is done depending on the procedure to de done in the hospital at a particular time and it’s recommended to be done. Hospitals should provide these crucial requirements to their staff to improve handwashing practice around the hospital premises (Health Quality Ontario, 2018). It’s the organization’s responsibility to post general health guidelines for the staff at each and every handwashing site. World Health Organization brought a concept of my five minutes of hand washing. this was to help minimize the rate of infections coursed by lack of handwashing practice including moments before touching a patient, cleaning procedure, and performing the assessment of any kind to the patient.
In accordance with (Health Quality Ontario, 2018) standard environmental cleaning and disinfection protocols vary according to the type of room being cleaned. disinfection of patient rooms before and after admission is essential to preventing the spread and incubation of hospital infection this reduces the spread of microorganisms in working areas around the hospital. this is defined by physical removal of used materials or disposing and cleaning material used by patients before being handled by any healthcare worker. Disinfecting to kill microorganisms that will cause infection to the staff (Health Quality Ontario, 2018).
In reference to (Gao, 2020) Despite these recommendations, manual cleaning also has its effects on health workers since there will be residues that remain during manual cleaning this can be complex too since it requires the use of friendly disinfectants to the health of the person caring out this work. It is advisable that during cleaning health workers should have proper clothing to protect themselves from this pathogen then may accumulate and cause infections. Here disposal protocol should also be observed since the protective gears used during cleaning may be infected by the microorganisms again handwashing practices will be observed.
PICOT Assessment
PICOT, Problem Intervention Comparison, and Outcome is an essential tool in nursing in an element of clinical research. This stands for population or the patient’s problem which describes who the patient is (health, age, race, status) intervention in other words what do you plan to do to the patient during their hospital stay, comparison, what is the alternative to the current plan you have for the patient as a doctor or a nurse, outcome what is it that you seek to attain after attending to your patient (fewer symptoms, no symptoms or full recovery). This strategy helps therapy, diagnosis, etiology, and prognosis(Gao, 2020).
My article will see how PICOT helps patients who require therapy to take control of their bodies for the betterment of their health and well-being. Here will show how Problem Intervention Comparison and Outcome. This case will focus on physical therapy for a patient recovering from an accident who has completed his treatment and has been assigned a therapist and I will be his nurse over his recovery period. According to the PICOT directives the patient is to recover and regain his ability to move and work in a normal state.
The intervention, in this case, is will suggest therapeutic measures are he will go through surgery to joint and fix damaged tissues, with the administration of medication this is to help in quick recovery and reduction of pain. During his stay at the hospital. Physical therapy helps in relieving pain, improving movement, prevention of disability, and rehab after a stroke, accident, or injury. In this patient’s case, physical therapy will help us evaluate his condition and develop a care plan that will assist during his therapy (Haselbeck et al., 2021). This helps us measure how well he can move around reach or bend around, walk and climb steps, monitor heartbeat while moving around. We worked with the patient to create a treatment plan this included his personal goals such as feeling better and the ability to function in a normal state. The appropriate treatment was exercise or stretching this is done with the guidance of his therapist, and the nurse, massage, hear, and warm water therapy. Since movement was an issue rehab to use artificial limbs like a walking stick and wheelchair was also a necessity.
Physical therapy should take 30 to 60 minutes this depends on why you are doing the therapy for. This helps the body adapt to the new activities slowly before regaining full-body activity. The estimated amount of time to recover from this therapy section was between eight to ten weeks. This will see us attain full recovery and regained motion strengths and functionality. From this, it’s clear that PICOT helps in assessing and aids in determining the best possible treatment for the patient and the hospital(Jemal, 2018).
References
Ahmed, J., Malik, F., Memon, Z. A., Bin Arif, T., Ali, A., Nasim, S., Ahmad, J., & Khan, M. A. (2020). Compliance and Knowledge of Healthcare Workers Regarding Hand Hygiene and Use of Disinfectants: A Study Based in Karachi. Cureus, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7036
Friedrich, A. W. (2019). Control of hospital-acquired infections and antimicrobial resistance in Europe: the way to go. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 169(S1), 25–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-018-0676-5
Gao, Q. (2020). The Relationship between Hand Washing and Hospital-Acquired Infections. MSN Capstone Projects. https://scholarworks.uttyler.edu/nursing_msn/1/
Haselbeck, A. H., Tadesse, B. T., Park, J., Gibani, M. M., Espinoza, L. M. C., Abreu, A., Van Rensburg, C., Owusu-Ansah, M., Twuamsi-Ankrah, S., Owusu, M., Aguna, I., Picot, V., Jeon, H., Higginson, E., Park, S., Mojares, Z. R., Im, J., Carey, M. E., Khanam, F., & Tonks, S. (2021). Evaluation of Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine Effectiveness in Ghana (TyVEGHA) Using a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Phase IV Trial: Trial Design and Population Baseline Characteristics. Vaccines, 9(3), 281. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9030281
Health Quality Ontario. (2018). Portable Ultraviolet Light Surface-Disinfecting Devices for Prevention of Hospital-Acquired Infections: A Health Technology Assessment. Ontario Health Technology Assessment Series, 18(1), 1–73. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5824029/
Jemal, S. (2018). Knowledge and Practices of Hand Washing among Health Professionals in Dubti Referral Hospital, Dubti, Afar, Northeast Ethiopia. Advances in Preventive Medicine, 2018, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5290797
Le, C., Lehman, E., Nguyen, T., & Craig, T. (2019). Hand Hygiene Compliance Study at a Large Central Hospital in Vietnam. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(4), 607. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040607
Monegro, A. F., & Hariharan Regunath. (2019, December 16). Hospital Acquired Infections. Nih.gov; StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441857/
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